Sahoo Soumya S, Khanna Pardeep, Verma Ramesh, Verma Madhur, Mahapatra Sandeep, Parija Pragyan P, Panda Udit K
Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Studies (PGIMS), Rohtak, Haryana, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Nov 30;9(11):5646-5651. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_981_20. eCollection 2020 Nov.
HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination together have long been recognized as one of the main obstacles in the prevention, care, and treatment of HIV and AIDS. Yet, little has been done on a large scale to combat them. Stigma still precludes many in need of treatment and care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). The purpose of this study was to assess the social stigma among PLHIV and the factors influencing it.
This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among four hundred PLHIV attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) center of a tertiary care institute of Haryana, India, using a semi-structured questionnaire and Berger Stigma Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0 software to explore the relationship between a dependent (social stigma score) and other independent variables.
The overall mean stigma score in our study was found to be 110.96 ± 17.05. The stigma score in the male PLHIV was higher than in females. Male gender, younger age group (18-25 years), nuclear family, and rural residents PLHIV experienced more stigma as showed by the logistic regression analysis.
Stigma and discrimination are a continuous deterrent for program implementation or successful outcomes. Education, behavior change strategies, and building supportive environments to the targeted population (young, single, and rural residents) can provide a roadmap in ending stigma and discrimination.
长期以来，与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的耻辱感和歧视一直被视为艾滋病毒和艾滋病预防、护理及治疗的主要障碍之一。然而，在大规模对抗这些方面所做的工作很少。耻辱感仍然使许多需要治疗和护理的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLHIV）望而却步。本研究的目的是评估艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者中的社会耻辱感及其影响因素。
本基于医院的横断面研究在印度哈里亚纳邦一所三级医疗机构的抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）中心的400名艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者中进行，使用半结构化问卷和伯杰耻辱量表。使用SPSS 20.0软件进行数据分析，以探讨因变量（社会耻辱感得分）与其他自变量之间的关系。
我们研究中的总体平均耻辱感得分为110.96±17.05。男性艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的耻辱感得分高于女性。逻辑回归分析显示，男性、较年轻年龄组（18 - 25岁）、核心家庭以及农村居民中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者经历了更多的耻辱感。
耻辱感和歧视是项目实施或取得成功结果的持续阻碍。针对目标人群（年轻人、单身者和农村居民）开展教育、行为改变策略以及营造支持性环境可为消除耻辱感和歧视提供路线图。
