印度南部沿海城市对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的污名化与歧视
Stigmatization and Discrimination toward People Living with HIV/AIDS in a Coastal City of South India.
作者信息
Kumar Nithin, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Thapar Rekha, Mithra Prasanna, Kulkarni Vaman, Holla Ramesh, Bhagawan Darshan, Kumar Avinash
机构信息
1 Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (Manipal University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
出版信息
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2017 May/Jun;16(3):226-232. doi: 10.1177/2325957415569309. Epub 2015 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND
The HIV/AIDS scenario all over the world is complicated by the stigmatic and discriminative attitudes toward the HIV-infected individuals.
METHODOLOGY
In this facility-based, cross-sectional study, 104 HIV-positive patients were assessed regarding their personal experience with HIV-related stigma and discrimination using a Revised HIV Stigma Scale. The association between stigma and factors such as socioeconomic status and gender was tested using chi-square test, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
A large proportion (41.3%) of the participants were in the age-group of 26 to 35 years. Confidentiality of the HIV positivity status was maintained only in 14.4% of the participants. Compared to females (48.2%), more than half (51.5%) of the male participants had experienced HIV/AIDS-related personalized stigma ( P > .05).
CONCLUSION
HIV-related stigma and discrimination are the major social determinants driving the epidemic, despite the advances in medical treatment and increases in the awareness about the disease.
背景
对艾滋病毒感染者的歧视态度使全球艾滋病毒/艾滋病情况变得复杂。
方法
在这项基于机构的横断面研究中，使用修订后的艾滋病毒耻辱感量表对104名艾滋病毒呈阳性的患者进行了与艾滋病毒相关耻辱感和歧视的个人经历评估。使用卡方检验来检验耻辱感与社会经济地位和性别等因素之间的关联，P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
很大一部分（41.3%）参与者年龄在26至35岁之间。只有14.4%的参与者的艾滋病毒阳性状况得到保密。与女性（48.2%）相比，超过一半（51.5%）的男性参与者经历过与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的个人耻辱感（P > 0.05）。
结论
尽管在医疗治疗方面取得了进展，且人们对该疾病的认识有所提高，但与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感和歧视仍是推动该流行病传播的主要社会决定因素。
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