School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Risk Anal. 2021 Nov;41(11):2031-2045. doi: 10.1111/risa.13704. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
While individual perceptions of risk are central to many behavioral theories of hazard response and are of considerable interest in both conceptual and applied work surrounding risk, hazards, and decision making, there is currently no consensus on how perceived risk should best be measured. Several recent efforts have laid the groundwork for a conceptual model outlining four key factors that make up risk perception: exposure, susceptibility, severity, and affective response. In this article, we use an extensive scale-development process to develop empirically supported 3-4 item subscales to measure each of those four dimensions. Using cognitive interviewing techniques and several quantitative psychometric methods including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and item-response theory analyses, we reduce a large set of potential items to the highest-quality items to assess each subscale. These subscales can be used to make comparisons across perceived risk in different hazard contexts and populations.
虽然个人对风险的感知是许多危险应对行为理论的核心，并且在风险、危险和决策的概念和应用工作中都具有相当大的兴趣，但目前对于如何最好地衡量感知风险还没有共识。最近的一些努力为一个概念模型奠定了基础，该模型概述了构成风险感知的四个关键因素：暴露、易感性、严重程度和情感反应。在本文中，我们使用广泛的量表开发过程，开发了经验支持的 3-4 项分量表，以衡量这四个维度中的每一个。我们使用认知访谈技术和几种定量心理测量方法，包括探索性和验证性因素分析以及项目反应理论分析，从大量潜在项目中筛选出最高质量的项目来评估每个分量表。这些分量表可用于在不同危险环境和人群中对感知风险进行比较。
