Aromatario Mariarosaria, Torsello Alessandra, D'Errico Stefano, Bertozzi Giuseppe, Sessa Francesco, Cipolloni Luigi, Baldari Benedetta
Legal Medicine Division, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Ospedale Colonnello D'Avanzo, Via degli Aviatori 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Feb 1;57(2):125. doi: 10.3390/medicina57020125.
Epidural hematomas (EDHs) and subdural hematomas (SDHs), or so-called extra-axial bleedings, are common clinical entities after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). A forensic pathologist often analyzes cases of traumatic EDHs or SDHs due to road accidents, suicides, homicides, assaults, domestic or on-the-job accidents, and even in a medical responsibility scenario. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the published data in the medical literature, useful to forensic pathologists. We mainly focused on the data from the last 15 years, and considered the most updated protocols and diagnostic-therapeutic tools. This study reviews the epidemiology, outcome, and dating of extra-axial hematomas in the adult population; studies on the controversial interdural hematoma are also included.
硬膜外血肿（EDH）和硬膜下血肿（SDH），即所谓的轴外出血，是创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后常见的临床病症。法医病理学家经常分析因道路交通事故、自杀、他杀、袭击、家庭或工作事故导致的创伤性硬膜外血肿或硬膜下血肿病例，甚至在医疗责任情形下也会进行分析。本综述的目的是概述医学文献中已发表的数据，这些数据对法医病理学家有用。我们主要关注过去15年的数据，并考虑了最新的方案和诊断治疗工具。本研究回顾了成年人群中轴外血肿的流行病学、预后及出血时间；还包括了关于有争议的硬脑膜间血肿的研究。
