Karlskoga Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(25):5438-5442. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1882981. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
The primary objective was to describe the incidence, symptoms, clinical signs, and time of onset of neonatal pneumothorax in Örebro County during 2011-2017. Secondary objectives were to describe risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatments, and mortality and to compare preterm with term/post-term neonates.
This retrospective population-based descriptive study included all neonates born in Örebro County during 2011-2017 and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Örebro University Hospital at age <28 days with an x-ray verified diagnosis of "Pneumothorax originating in the perinatal period" in their medical record.
Seventy-five neonates matched the inclusion criteria. The incidence of neonatal pneumothorax in Örebro County during the study period was 3.1 (95% CI: 2.5-3.8) per 1000 live births. All neonates were <48 h at debut of respiratory symptoms and the most common symptom was tachypnea. Twelve (16%) received invasive treatment. The mortality rate was 2 (3%), none due to pneumothorax.
The incidence of 3.1 per 1000 live births was relatively high, but the frequency of invasive treatment and mortality was low, indicating a high proportion of mild pneumothoraces. The lack of patients aged >48 h indicates that most neonatal pneumothoraces now occur very early in life.
本研究旨在描述 2011-2017 年期间瑞典厄勒布鲁县新生儿气胸的发病率、症状、临床体征和发病时间。次要目标是描述危险因素、诊断程序、治疗方法以及死亡率，并比较早产儿与足月儿/过期产儿。
这是一项回顾性基于人群的描述性研究，纳入了 2011-2017 年期间在厄勒布鲁县出生、28 天内入住厄勒布鲁大学医院新生儿重症监护病房、且病历中 X 光片诊断为“围生期起源气胸”的所有新生儿。
75 名新生儿符合纳入标准。研究期间，厄勒布鲁县新生儿气胸的发病率为 3.1（95%CI：2.5-3.8）/1000 例活产儿。所有新生儿在出现呼吸症状时的中位年龄均<48 小时，最常见的症状是呼吸急促。12 名（16%）新生儿接受了有创治疗。死亡率为 2（3%），均与气胸无关。
发病率为 3.1/1000 例活产儿相对较高，但有创治疗和死亡率较低，提示气胸多为轻度。>48 小时的患儿数量较少表明，现在大多数新生儿气胸发生在生命早期。
