J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 May-Jun;61(3):266-275. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.01.011. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
Occupational stress of health care providers may lower the quality of care. Person-environment fit theory and practical evidence have indicated that various types of knowledge and skills of health care providers are differentially associated with occupational stress. Clinical pharmacists are an indispensable part of medical teams. Clinical pharmacists in China are generally under high occupational stress, but what kind of knowledge and skills can relieve their occupational stress remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between the specific knowledge and skills of clinical pharmacists and their occupational stress in China. This study aimed to assess the association between the specific knowledge and skills of clinical pharmacists and their occupational stress in China.
A field questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling was conducted to gather data on occupational stress, knowledge and skills related to hospital pharmacy, and other factors of occupational stress using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and a self-developed instrument. Ordinary least squares regression was used to evaluate the association of the participants' knowledge, skills, and other factors with their occupational stress.
A total of 625 clinical pharmacists from 311 tertiary hospitals in China (response rate = 84%) participated. Knowledge of or skills related to pharmaceutical care service provision (P = 0.02), the use of computers and the Internet in pharmacy practice (P = 0.02), interpersonal communication (P = 0.10), or pharmacoepidemiology (P = 0.08) was associated with reduced occupational stress of the participants. Participants who had credentials of nation-level specialized (P = 0.09) and general training (P = 0.04) for clinical pharmacist had lower degrees of occupational stress than those without these credentials. The participants' clinical professions, routine tasks, technical titles, and type of hospital they work in were also associated with their occupational stress.
Enhancing several aspects of knowledge or skills among clinical pharmacists in tertiary hospitals in China may help reduce their occupational stress. Efforts are needed to improve the education and training system of clinical pharmacists in China.
医护人员的职业压力可能会降低医疗服务质量。人-环境适配理论和实践证据表明，医护人员的各种知识和技能与职业压力的相关性存在差异。临床药师是医疗团队不可或缺的一部分。中国的临床药师普遍面临较高的职业压力，但哪些知识和技能可以缓解他们的职业压力尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估中国临床药师的特定知识和技能与其职业压力之间的关系。
采用分层抽样的现场问卷调查方法，使用简要工作压力问卷和自行设计的工具收集职业压力、与医院药学相关的知识和技能以及职业压力的其他因素的数据。采用普通最小二乘法回归评估参与者的知识、技能和其他因素与职业压力的关系。
共纳入来自中国 311 家三级医院的 625 名临床药师（应答率为 84%）。提供药学服务知识或技能（P=0.02）、在药房实践中使用计算机和互联网（P=0.02）、人际沟通（P=0.10）或药物流行病学（P=0.08）与参与者职业压力降低相关。具有国家级专科（P=0.09）和一般培训（P=0.04）临床药师证书的参与者的职业压力程度低于没有证书的参与者。参与者的临床专业、常规任务、技术职称以及所在医院的类型也与他们的职业压力有关。
提高中国三级医院临床药师的某些方面的知识或技能可能有助于降低他们的职业压力。需要努力改善中国临床药师的教育和培训体系。
