The effects of psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder on quality of life in the civilian population: A meta-analysis of RCTs.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to significantly impair quality of life (QOL), although no meta-analysis has evaluated the effect of psychotherapies for PTSD on QOL in the civilian population. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess these effects in the adult civilian population. An exhaustive search of 13 databases revealed 9 studies of moderate to strong methodological quality evaluating mainly cognitive-behavioral therapy (8 of 9 studies). A total of 421 participants were allocated to a psychotherapy condition, 174 to a waitlist control group, and 203 were allocated to an active control group. Waitlist and active-controlled random effects of psychotherapies on QOL were computed. Risk of bias was assessed using multiple indices. Pre-post treatment pooled effect sizes were small to moderate for QOL (active-controlled: Hedges' = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI;0.14, 0.59]; waitlist-controlled: = 0.63, CI [0.44, 0.83]) and were both large (waitlist-controlled: = -1.36, CI [-1.85, -0.88]) and small (active-controlled: = -0.40, CI [-0.57, -0.23]) for PTSD. Risk of bias analyses support robust and conservative results. The results, mainly with respect to cognitive-behavioral therapy, suggest that psychotherapies for PTSD improve QOL. More research is required to determine whether improvements are adequate in restoring QOL to a clinically acceptable level. Future studies should evaluate the effects of psychotherapies on the different dimensions of QOL as well as the specific effects of additional QOL-focused interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).