Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(18):5081-5112. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1881438. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Inflammation is associated with the development and progression of various disorders including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and cancer. Sesamin, a fat-soluble lignan derived from seeds and oil, has received increased attention due to its wide array of pharmacological properties including its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential. To date, no review has been conducted to summarize or analyze the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory roles of sesamin. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of experimental findings that were reported with regards to the ability of sesamin to modulate inflammation, cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses and Th1/Th2 paradigm. The potential influence of sesamin on the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against cancer cells is also highlighted. The molecular mechanisms and the signal transduction pathways underlying such effects are underscored. The metabolism, pharmacokinetics, absorption, tissue distribution and bioavailability of sesamin in different species, including humans, are reviewed. Moreover, we propose future preclinical and clinical investigations to further validate the potential preventive and/or therapeutic efficacy of sesamin against various immune-related and inflammatory conditions. We anticipate that sesamin may be employed in future therapeutic regimens to enhance the efficacy of treatment and dampen the adverse effects of synthetic chemical drugs currently used to alleviate immune-related and inflammatory conditions.
炎症与各种疾病的发展和进展有关，包括动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病和癌症。芝麻素是一种源自种子和油的脂溶性木脂素，由于其广泛的药理特性，包括其免疫调节和抗炎潜力，受到了越来越多的关注。迄今为止，尚未有综述对芝麻素的免疫调节和抗炎作用进行总结或分析。本文提供了一份关于芝麻素调节炎症、细胞和体液适应性免疫反应以及 Th1/Th2 范式能力的实验研究结果的综合综述。还强调了芝麻素对 NK 细胞对癌细胞的细胞毒性活性的潜在影响。强调了这些影响的分子机制和信号转导途径。综述了芝麻素在不同物种（包括人类）中的代谢、药代动力学、吸收、组织分布和生物利用度。此外，我们提出了未来的临床前和临床研究，以进一步验证芝麻素对各种免疫相关和炎症状况的潜在预防和/或治疗效果。我们预计，芝麻素可能会被用于未来的治疗方案，以提高治疗效果，并减轻目前用于缓解免疫相关和炎症状况的合成化学药物的不良反应。
