Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Cogn Behav Ther. 2021 Nov;50(6):479-491. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2021.1875039. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Depression is associated with unemployment and poor occupational functioning. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to reduce depressive symptoms, the degree to which it improves occupational outcomes has received little attention. We investigated change in job status and presenteeism (i.e., the inability to focus on and accomplish work) over the course of CBT. We assessed employment status, presenteeism, depressive symptoms, cognitive style, and CBT skills at intake and posttreatment in a sample of 126 participants enrolled in a 16-week course of CBT for depression. Employment status significantly improved from pre to posttreatment, with 11 of the 27 patients (41%) seeking to improve their employment status achieving this goal. Among the 59 consistently employed patients, presenteeism decreased significantly over the course of treatment ( = 1.13). We also found, even after controlling for changes in symptoms, reductions in negative cognitive style (but not changes in CBT skills) were associated with reductions in presenteeism. Our findings suggest CBT patients experience positive changes in occupational outcomes, both in finding work and being more focused and productive at work. Changes in negative cognitive styles appeared to partly explain this latter change. We encourage future work examining CBT's impact on occupational outcomes.
抑郁与失业和职业功能不良有关。虽然认知行为疗法（CBT）已被证明可以减轻抑郁症状，但它对职业结果的改善程度却很少受到关注。我们调查了 CBT 过程中工作状态和出勤（即无法集中精力和完成工作）的变化。我们在一项针对 126 名参加为期 16 周的抑郁认知行为疗法课程的参与者的样本中，在治疗前和治疗后评估了就业状况、出勤、抑郁症状、认知风格和 CBT 技能。就业状况从治疗前到治疗后显著改善，27 名患者中有 11 名（41%）试图改善就业状况，达到了这一目标。在 59 名持续就业的患者中，治疗过程中出勤情况显著下降（=1.13）。即使在控制症状变化的情况下，我们也发现消极认知风格的减少（而不是 CBT 技能的变化）与出勤减少有关。我们的研究结果表明，CBT 患者在职业结果方面经历了积极的变化，无论是在找工作还是在工作中更加专注和高效方面。消极认知风格的变化似乎部分解释了后者的变化。我们鼓励未来的工作，以检验 CBT 对职业结果的影响。
