[儿童常见指甲疾病的鉴别诊断]
[Differential diagnosis of common nail disorders in childhood].
作者信息
Gresset-Kaliebe K, Garzorz-Stark N, Schnopp C, Weins A
机构信息
Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinka Institutet, Stockholm, Schweden.
出版信息
Hautarzt. 2021 Mar;72(3):225-231. doi: 10.1007/s00105-021-04762-z. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND
Correct diagnosis of nail changes in childhood may be challenging. Knowing the anatomy of the nail apparatus and some pathophysiologic principles helps to categorize nail disorders correctly.
OBJECTIVES
This article gives a structured overview of nail disorders in childhood, thus, facilitating correct diagnosis of nail abnormalities in childhood.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A review of literature and our own experience are presented.
RESULTS
In the first part we present fundamental anatomical characteristics of the nail apparatus based on embryonal development of the nails. In the main part we categorize nail disorders according to clinical presentation: transient nail changes, congenital nail abnormalities, infectious diseases of the nails, nail changes in the context of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, pigmented nail changes, tumors and nail changes due to trauma.
背景
正确诊断儿童期的指甲变化可能具有挑战性。了解指甲结构的解剖学知识以及一些病理生理原理有助于正确分类指甲疾病。
目的
本文对儿童期指甲疾病进行了结构化概述，从而有助于正确诊断儿童期的指甲异常。
材料与方法
介绍了文献综述及我们自己的经验。
结果
在第一部分，我们基于指甲的胚胎发育介绍了指甲结构的基本解剖特征。在主要部分，我们根据临床表现对指甲疾病进行分类：暂时性指甲变化、先天性指甲异常、指甲感染性疾病、慢性炎症性皮肤病相关的指甲变化、色素沉着性指甲变化、肿瘤以及创伤引起的指甲变化。
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