Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Zwycięstwa 42c, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland.
J Orofac Orthop. 2021 May;82(3):198-208. doi: 10.1007/s00056-020-00276-w. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
The aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to measure and compare labial and palatal alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, following STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines.
The study group consisted of 21 patients with a mean age of 16 years. High-resolution cone-beam computed tomography was performed at least one year after secondary alveolar bone grafting. The experimental side was the cleft side and the contralateral side without congenital cleft was the control. Measurements were performed on incisors' midsagittal cross-sections. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intergroup comparisons.
The labial and palatal distances between alveolar bone crests and cementoenamel junctions were significantly greater on the cleft side than on the noncleft side. Mean differences were 0.75 and 1.41 mm, respectively. The prevalence of dehiscences at the cleft side maxillary central incisors was 52% on the labial surface and 43% on the palatal surface. In the controls, it was 19% and 14%, respectively.
The cleft-adjacent maxillary central incisors had more apically displaced alveolar bone crests on the labial and palatal sides of the roots than the controls. Higher prevalence of dehiscences was found on the cleft side. Bone margin differences predispose to gingival height differences of the central incisors. These differences could increase the demands of patients to obtain more esthetic treatment results with orthodontic extrusion and periodontal intervention on the cleft side.
本回顾性横断面研究旨在按照 STROBE（加强观察性研究的报告）指南，测量和比较单侧唇腭裂患者上颌中切牙唇侧和腭侧牙槽骨高度。
研究组包括 21 名年龄平均为 16 岁的患者。在二次牙槽骨移植后至少一年进行高分辨率锥形束 CT 检查。实验侧为裂隙侧，无先天性裂隙的对侧为对照侧。在切牙的正中矢状横断面上进行测量。使用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验进行组间比较。
牙槽骨嵴和釉牙骨质界之间的唇侧和腭侧距离在裂隙侧明显大于非裂隙侧。平均差异分别为 0.75 和 1.41mm。裂隙侧上颌中切牙的裂隙发生率为唇侧 52%，腭侧 43%。在对照组中，分别为 19%和 14%。
与对照相比，裂隙邻近的上颌中切牙唇侧和腭侧根的牙槽骨嵴更向根尖方向移位。在裂隙侧发现更高的裂隙发生率。骨缘差异易导致中切牙牙龈高度的差异。这些差异可能增加了患者对正畸挤压和牙周干预治疗裂隙侧的美观效果的需求。
