Cavigli Luna, Zorzi Alessandro, Spadotto Veronica, Gismondi Annalaura, Sisti Niccolò, Valentini Francesca, Anselmi Francesca, Mandoli Giulia Elena, Spera Lucia, Di Florio Alex, Baccani Bernardo, Cameli Matteo, D'Ascenzi Flavio
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Viale M. Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular and Public Health Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Feb 22;23(3):423-430. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab017.
Endurance sports practice has significantly increased over the last decades, with a growing proportion of participants older than 40 years. Although the benefits of moderate regular exercise are well known, concerns exist regarding the potential negative effects induced by extreme endurance sport. The aim of this study was to analyse the acute effects of an ultramarathon race on the electrocardiogram (ECG), biventricular function, and ventricular arrhythmias in a population of master athletes.
Master athletes participating in an ultramarathon (50 km, 600 m of elevation gain) with no history of heart disease were recruited. A single-lead ECG was recorded continuously from the day before to the end of the race. Echocardiography and 12-lead resting ECG were performed before and at the end of the race. The study sample consisted of 68 healthy non-professional master athletes. Compared with baseline, R-wave amplitude in V1 and QTc duration were higher after the race (P < 0.001). Exercise-induced isolated premature ventricular beats were observed in 7% of athletes; none showed non-sustained ventricular tachycardia before or during the race. Left ventricular ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and twisting did not significantly differ before and after the race. After the race, no significant differences were found in right ventricular inflow and outflow tract dimensions, fractional area change, s', and free wall GLS.
In master endurance athletes running an ultra-marathon, exercise-induced ventricular dysfunction, or relevant ventricular arrhythmias was not detected. These results did not confirm the hypothesis of a detrimental acute effect of strenuous exercise on the heart.
在过去几十年中，耐力运动的参与度显著增加，40岁以上参与者的比例不断上升。尽管适度定期锻炼的益处广为人知，但对于极限耐力运动可能产生的负面影响仍存在担忧。本研究的目的是分析超级马拉松比赛对一群成年运动员心电图（ECG）、双心室功能和室性心律失常的急性影响。
招募了没有心脏病史且参加超级马拉松（50公里，海拔升高600米）的成年运动员。从比赛前一天到比赛结束连续记录单导联心电图。在比赛前和比赛结束时进行超声心动图检查和静息12导联心电图检查。研究样本包括68名健康的非职业成年运动员。与基线相比，比赛后V1导联R波振幅和QTc间期更高（P < 0.001）。7%的运动员观察到运动诱发的孤立性室性早搏；比赛前或比赛期间均未出现非持续性室性心动过速。比赛前后左心室射血分数、整体纵向应变（GLS）和扭转无显著差异。比赛后，右心室流入和流出道尺寸、面积变化分数、s'和游离壁GLS无显著差异。
在参加超级马拉松的成年耐力运动员中，未检测到运动诱发的心室功能障碍或相关的室性心律失常。这些结果并未证实剧烈运动对心脏有有害急性影响的假设。
