Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH, Delft, the Netherlands.
Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH, Delft, the Netherlands.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 1;771:145366. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145366. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
Many aquatic ecosystems in densely populated delta areas worldwide are under stress from overexploitation and pollution. Global population growth will lead to further increasing pressures in the coming decades, while climate change may amplify the consequences for chemical and ecological water quality. In this study, we explored the effects of climatic variability on eutrophication of groundwater, streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries, and marine waters in the Netherlands. We exploited the relatively dense monitoring information from the Dutch part of the Rhine-Meuse delta to evaluate the water quality response on climatic variability, in combination with anthropogenic pressures. Our results show that water quality of all water systems in the Netherlands is affected by climate variability in several ways: 1) through the process of global climate change (mainly temperature and sea level rise), 2) through changes Atlantic ocean circulation patterns (more southwestern winds), 3) through changes in continental precipitation and river discharge fluctuations, and 4) through local climatic fluctuations. The impact of climate variability propagates through the hydrological system 'from catchment to coast'. The fluctuations in water quality induced by climatic variability shown in this study give a preview for the potential effects of climate change.
世界上许多人口密集的三角洲地区的水生生态系统正承受着过度开发和污染的压力。全球人口增长将在未来几十年导致进一步的压力增加，而气候变化可能会放大对化学和生态水质的影响。在这项研究中，我们探讨了气候变异性对荷兰地下水、溪流、河流、湖泊、河口和海洋水质富营养化的影响。我们利用荷兰莱茵河-默兹三角洲地区相对密集的监测信息，结合人为压力，评估了水质对气候变异性的响应。我们的结果表明，荷兰所有水系的水质都受到气候变化的多种方式的影响：1）通过全球气候变化（主要是温度和海平面上升）的过程，2）通过改变大西洋环流模式（更多的西南风），3）通过改变大陆降水和河流流量波动，以及 4）通过局部气候波动。气候变异性的影响通过水文系统“从集水区到海岸”传播。本研究中显示的由气候变异性引起的水质波动为气候变化的潜在影响提供了预览。
