Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture, Wagramer Straße 5, 1400, Vienna, Austria.
BMC Ecol Evol. 2021 Feb 5;21(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12862-020-01729-x.
Invasive species are increasingly driving biodiversity decline, and knowledge of colonization dynamics, including both drivers and dispersal modes, are important to prevent future invasions. The bee species Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), native to East-Asia, was first recognized in Southeast-France in 2008, and has since spread throughout much of Europe. The spread is very fast, and colonization may result from multiple fronts.
To track the history of this invasion, codominant markers were genotyped using Illumina sequencing and the invasion history and degree of connectivity between populations across the European invasion axis were investigated. Distinctive genetic clusters were detected with east-west differentiations in Middle-Europe.
We hypothesize that the observed cluster formation resulted from multiple, independent introductions of the species to the European continent. This study draws a first picture of an early invasion stage of this wild bee and forms a foundation for further investigations, including studies of the species in their native Asian range and in the invaded range in North America.
入侵物种正日益导致生物多样性下降，了解包括驱动因素和扩散模式在内的生物定植动态，对于预防未来的入侵至关重要。原产于东亚的 Megachile sculpturalis 蜜蜂（膜翅目：Megachilidae）于 2008 年首次在法国东南部被发现，此后已遍布欧洲大部分地区。其传播速度非常快，定植可能来自多个方向。
为了追踪这次入侵的历史，使用 Illumina 测序对共显性标记进行了基因分型，并研究了整个欧洲入侵轴上种群的入侵历史和连通性程度。在中欧地区检测到了具有东西分化的独特遗传聚类。
我们假设观察到的聚类形成是由于该物种多次独立引入欧洲大陆造成的。本研究描绘了这种野生蜜蜂早期入侵阶段的第一幅图景，并为进一步的研究奠定了基础，包括对该物种在其亚洲本土范围和北美的入侵范围的研究。
