S. João de Deus School of Nursing, University of Évora, Largo Do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000-811, Évora, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Largo Do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000-811, Évora, Portugal.
Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; "NursID: Innovation & Development in Nursing" Research Group, CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, S/n, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
Environ Res. 2021 Apr;195:110828. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110828. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
To evaluate and compare nurses' depression, anxiety and stress symptoms at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and after six months; to evaluate and compare the frequency of use of mental health promotion strategies during the same period; and to identify the relationship between the frequency of use of mental health promotion strategies, during the same period, with nurses' depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.
Data collection was carried out in two moments: at baseline and after six months. An online questionnaire was applied to nurses to assess the frequency of use of some mental health promotion strategies and their depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (through the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales - short version (DASS-21)).
The anxiety and stress symptoms significantly decreased over time. The physical activity increased, and a decrease was observed in the remote social contacts after six months. The stress, anxiety and depression scores were significantly lower in nurses who frequently or always used all strategies compared to participants who never or rarely used them, except for one strategy (rejecting information about COVID-19 from unreliable sources).
Mental health promotion strategies, such as physical activity, relaxation activity, recreational activity, healthy diet, adequate water intake, breaks between work shifts, maintenance of remote social contacts, and verbalization of feelings/emotions, are crucial to reduce nurses' stress, anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak.
评估和比较 COVID-19 大流行开始时和六个月后护士的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状；评估和比较同期心理健康促进策略的使用频率；并确定同期心理健康促进策略的使用频率与护士的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状之间的关系。
数据收集分两个阶段进行：基线时和六个月后。通过在线问卷评估护士在同期使用一些心理健康促进策略的频率以及他们的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状（通过抑郁焦虑压力量表-短版（DASS-21））。
焦虑和压力症状随时间显著下降。体育活动增加，六个月后远程社会接触减少。与从未或很少使用这些策略的参与者相比，经常或总是使用所有策略的护士的压力、焦虑和抑郁评分显著降低，除了一项策略（拒绝不可靠来源的 COVID-19 信息）。
在 COVID-19 爆发期间，心理健康促进策略，如体育活动、放松活动、娱乐活动、健康饮食、充足水分摄入、轮班之间的休息、维持远程社会联系以及表达感受/情绪，对于减轻护士的压力、焦虑和抑郁症状至关重要。
