State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Cell Signal. 2021 May;81:109946. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109946. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
The ubiquitin related modifier Urm1 protein was firstly identified in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and was later found to play important roles in different eukaryotes. By the assistance of an E1-like activation enzyme Uba4, Urm1 can function as a modifier to target proteins, called urmylation. The thioredoxin peroxidase Ahp1 was the only identified Urm1 target in the early time. Recently, many other Urm1 targets were identified, which is important for us to fully understand functions of urmylation. Urm1 can also function as a sulfur carrier to play a key role in tRNAs thiolation. Mechanisms of the Urm1 in protein and RNA modifications were finely revealed in the past few years. Biological and physiological functions of Urm1 were also found in different organisms. In this review, we will summarize these emerging progresses.
泛素相关修饰蛋白 Urm1 最初在酵母酿酒酵母中被鉴定出来，后来在不同的真核生物中发现其发挥着重要作用。在 E1 样激活酶 Uba4 的辅助下，Urm1 可以作为一种修饰物靶向蛋白质，称为泛素化。硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶 Ahp1 是早期唯一被鉴定为 Urm1 靶标的蛋白质。最近，许多其他的 Urm1 靶标也被鉴定出来，这对我们充分理解泛素化的功能非常重要。Urm1 还可以作为硫载体在 tRNA 硫代修饰中发挥关键作用。在过去的几年中，Urm1 在蛋白质和 RNA 修饰中的作用机制被详细揭示。Urm1 在不同生物体中的生物学和生理学功能也被发现。在这篇综述中，我们将总结这些新的进展。
