Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena Pot 5, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;271:129786. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129786. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
High rate algal ponds (HRAP) are an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment with the potential for wastewater and biomass reuse. In this study, we report the development and validation of methods for analysing 18 bisphenols (BPs) in the aqueous and biomass phase of HRAP. For aqueous phase samples, obtained LLOQ ranged from 10 to 30 ng/L, and recoveries from 78% to 106%. The relative expanded uncertainty was highest at the lowest spiking level (100 ng/L) and ranged from 27% to 66% (BPA), while for the biomass, the LLOQ ranged from 25 to 75 ng/g dw, recoveries from 84% to 103%. The uncertainty ranged from 16% to 37% (BPA). On average, the influent contained 329, 144, and 21 ng/L of BPA, BPS and 4,4'-BPF, and the effluent 69 ng/L, 94 ng/L and <LLOQ, respectively. Only BPA was quantified in the algal biomass. The average removal of BPA was 80%, whereas the removal efficiency of BPS was 32%. To our knowledge, this is the first study analysing a wide range of BPs in both aqueous and biomass phase of HRAP treating real wastewater.
高浓度藻塘（HRAP）是传统废水处理的替代方法，具有废水和生物质再利用的潜力。在本研究中，我们报告了分析 HRAP 水相和生物质相中 18 种双酚（BPs）的方法的开发和验证。对于水相样品，获得的LLOQ 范围为 10 至 30ng/L，回收率为 78%至 106%。相对扩展不确定度在最低加标水平（100ng/L）时最高，范围为 27%至 66%（BPA），而对于生物质，LLOQ 范围为 25 至 75ng/g dw，回收率为 84%至 103%。不确定度范围为 16%至 37%（BPA）。平均而言，进水含有 329、144 和 21ng/L 的 BPA、BPS 和 4,4'-BPF，而出水分别含有 69ng/L、94ng/L 和<LLOQ。只有 BPA 在藻类生物量中被定量。BPA 的平均去除率为 80%，而 BPS 的去除效率为 32%。据我们所知，这是首次分析 HRAP 处理实际废水的水相和生物质相中广泛的 BPs 的研究。
