Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Life Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
Auris Nasus Larynx. 2021 Oct;48(5):870-877. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2021.01.021. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Recurrent idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a rare disease. In this study, we evaluated the correlations between hearing recovery after the first and recurrent episodes of ISSNHL and characterized the clinical features of different episodes of ISSNHL.
This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing medical records pertaining to the period 2008-2018. A total of 30 patients (16 male, 14 female) who had experienced at least two episodes of ISSNHL were included. All patients were had received steroid therapy (including systemic and IT) and/or hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 2 weeks after the onset of disease. The SDRG's criteria was used for the grading of hearing recovery.
The median age at the first and second episode of ISSNHL was 48 and 53.5 years, respectively; a total of 30% of patients presented with vertigo in the first episode and 40% presented with vertigo in the second episode. The hearing outcomes of both episodes showed significant improvement after treatment. The rate of complete recovery after the first and second episodes was 46.67% and 33.33%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the treatment outcomes of the first and second episodes (r = 0.721, p < 0.001).
In ISSNHL, hearing recovery after a recurrent episode is significantly correlated with the hearing outcome after the initial episode (p = 0.042). The treatment outcome of the first episode is a prognostic factor for the outcomes of recurrent episodes.
复发性特发性突发性聋（ISSNHL）是一种罕见疾病。本研究旨在评估首次和复发性 ISSNHL 听力恢复之间的相关性，并对不同 ISSNHL 发作的临床特征进行分析。
这是一项回顾性研究，对 2008 年至 2018 年期间的病历进行了回顾。共纳入 30 例（16 例男性，14 例女性）至少经历过两次 ISSNHL 发作的患者。所有患者在疾病发作后 2 周内均接受了类固醇治疗（包括全身和鼓室内）和/或高压氧治疗。采用 SDRG 标准对听力恢复情况进行分级。
首次和二次 ISSNHL 的中位年龄分别为 48 岁和 53.5 岁；首次发作时共有 30%的患者出现眩晕，第二次发作时则有 40%的患者出现眩晕。两次发作的听力预后均有显著改善。首次和二次发作后完全恢复的比例分别为 46.67%和 33.33%。首次和二次发作的治疗效果之间存在显著正相关（r=0.721，p<0.001）。
在 ISSNHL 中，复发性发作后的听力恢复与初始发作后的听力结果显著相关（p=0.042）。首次发作的治疗效果是预测复发性发作结果的一个预后因素。
