Zhang Bang-Yan, Wang Yu-Chien, Chan Kai-Chieh
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation) New Taipei City Taiwan, R.O.C.
School of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan City Taiwan, R.O.C.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2022 May 26;7(3):854-862. doi: 10.1002/lio2.828. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is one of the few emergent otologic conditions. Although more than half of all patients would benefit from timely treatment, recurrence occasionally develops unexpectedly. The aim of our study is to evaluate the recurrence rate after SSNHL, and present the prognosis after first-episode and recurrent SSNHL.
A literature search was conducted of the PubMed and Embase electronic databases.
Seven studies with a total of 3781 patients were included, and 96 patients experienced recurrence. The recurrence rate ranged between 1.4% and 17%. The average time to recurrence was about 2 years in most studies. The majority of the studies reported using systemic steroids for treating first-episode SSNHL, and one study used a plasma expander in patients with recurrent SSNHL. The recovery rate for first-episode patients was 58%-79%, while that for recurrent SSNHL ranged widely, from 21% to 86%. There were no common risk factors for SSNHL recurrence among the studies, although low-frequency hearing loss, the presence of tinnitus during follow-up, and an increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio have been proposed.
Understanding the recurrence rate, risk factors, and prognosis after recurrence of SSHNL is crucial for comprehensive medical care; in this respect, further prospective studies with long-term follow-up may be instructive.
突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）是少数几种需要紧急治疗的耳科疾病之一。尽管超过一半的患者能从及时治疗中获益，但偶尔会意外复发。我们研究的目的是评估SSNHL后的复发率，并呈现首次发作和复发的SSNHL后的预后情况。
对PubMed和Embase电子数据库进行文献检索。
纳入了7项研究，共3781例患者，其中96例经历了复发。复发率在1.4%至17%之间。在大多数研究中，复发的平均时间约为2年。大多数研究报告使用全身类固醇治疗首次发作的SSNHL，一项研究对复发的SSNHL患者使用了血浆扩容剂。首次发作患者的恢复率为58% - 79%，而复发性SSNHL的恢复率差异很大，从21%到86%不等。尽管有研究提出低频听力损失、随访期间耳鸣的存在以及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值和血小板与淋巴细胞比值升高是SSNHL复发的危险因素，但各研究中SSNHL复发并无共同的危险因素。
了解SSNHL的复发率、危险因素及复发后的预后情况对综合医疗至关重要；在这方面，进一步的长期随访前瞻性研究可能具有指导意义。
4级
