Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Room 143, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
Surg Oncol. 2021 Jun;37:101529. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101529. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are a group of neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation affecting a wide range of organs. Functional NETs present with symptoms due to the particular hormone produced. Functional NETs are usually small at diagnosis and therefore can be challenging to diagnose. In contrast, non-functioning NETs are generally larger and present with mass effect. Imaging plays an indispensable role in diagnosis, staging and management of patients with NETs. The optimal modality and technique for imaging of NETs depend on the location of primary and metastatic lesions. Regardless of the imaging modality, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging is essential for evaluation of NETs. In general, CT scan is typically the primary imaging modality for evaluating NETs. MRI is used as a complementary modality, being superior to other modalities to assess liver metastasis. Nuclear medicine imaging is also widely used in NET assessment.
神经内分泌肿瘤（NET）是一组具有神经内分泌分化的肿瘤，影响广泛的器官。功能性 NET 会因特定激素的产生而出现症状。功能性 NET 在诊断时通常较小，因此诊断具有挑战性。相比之下，无功能性 NET 通常较大，并表现出肿块效应。影像学在 NET 患者的诊断、分期和管理中起着不可或缺的作用。用于 NET 成像的最佳方式和技术取决于原发和转移病灶的位置。无论采用哪种成像方式，动态对比增强成像对于 NET 的评估都是必不可少的。一般来说，CT 扫描是评估 NET 的主要成像方式。MRI 作为一种补充方式，在评估肝转移方面优于其他方式。核医学成像也广泛用于 NET 评估。
