German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Trends Cell Biol. 2021 Jun;31(6):485-499. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.01.003. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
The intestine maintains homeostasis by coordinating internal biological processes to adjust to fluctuating external conditions. The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed and comprises multiple cell types, including absorptive cells, secretory cells, and resident stem cells. An important feature of this organ is its ability to coordinate many processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, regeneration, damage/stress response, immune activity, feeding behavior, and age-related changes by using conserved signaling pathways. However, the subcellular spatial organization of these signaling events and the organelles involved has only recently been studied in detail. Here we discuss how organelles of intestinal cells serve to initiate, mediate, and terminate signals, that are vital for homeostasis.
肠道通过协调内部生物过程来适应不断变化的外部条件，从而维持体内平衡。肠道上皮不断更新，包含多种细胞类型，包括吸收细胞、分泌细胞和固有干细胞。该器官的一个重要特征是，它能够通过使用保守的信号通路来协调许多过程，包括细胞增殖、分化、再生、损伤/应激反应、免疫活性、摄食行为和与年龄相关的变化。然而，这些信号事件的亚细胞空间组织和涉及的细胞器直到最近才被详细研究。在这里，我们讨论肠道细胞的细胞器如何启动、介导和终止对维持体内平衡至关重要的信号。
