Berghofer Philipp
Department for Philosophy, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 26/5, Graz, 8010 Austria.
Synthese. 2021;199(3-4):5747-5768. doi: 10.1007/s11229-021-03044-4. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Recently, a number of phenomenological approaches to experiential justification emerged according to which an experience's justificatory force is grounded in the experience's distinctive . The basic idea is that certain experiences exhibit a phenomenology and that they are a source of immediate justification precisely by virtue of their presentive phenomenology. Such phenomenological approaches usually focus on perceptual experiences and mathematical intuitions. In this paper, I aim at a phenomenological approach to experiences. I shall show that we need to make a distinction between evaluative experiences directed at concrete cases and ethical intuitions directed at general principles. The focus will be on evaluative experiences. I argue that evaluative experiences constitute a sui generis type of experience that gain their justificatory force by virtue of their presentive evaluative phenomenology. In Sect. 1, I introduce and motivate the phenomenological idea that certain experiences exhibit a justification-conferring phenomenology. In Sect. 4, I apply this idea to . In Sect. 5, I suggest that certain intuitions should be considered and I outline a strong parallelism between ethics and epistemology.
最近,出现了一些关于经验性证成的现象学方法,根据这些方法,一种经验的证成力基于该经验的独特之处。基本观点是,某些经验展现出一种现象学,并且它们恰恰凭借其呈现性现象学而成为直接证成的来源。此类现象学方法通常聚焦于感知经验和数学直觉。在本文中,我旨在探讨一种关于[具体某种经验,原文未明确]经验的现象学方法。我将表明,我们需要区分针对具体案例的评价性经验和针对一般原则的伦理直觉。重点将放在评价性经验上。我认为,评价性经验构成了一种独特的经验类型,它们凭借其呈现性的评价现象学而获得证成力。在第1节中,我介绍并推动这样一种现象学观点,即某些经验展现出一种赋予证成的现象学。在第4节中,我将这个观点应用于[具体内容,原文未明确]。在第5节中,我提出某些[具体某种直觉,原文未明确]直觉应被视为[具体情况,原文未明确],并且我概述了伦理学与认识论之间的一种强烈平行关系。