Gedefie Alemu, Adamu Aderaw, Alemayehu Ermiyas, Kassa Yeshimebet, Belete Melaku Ashagrie
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Int J Microbiol. 2021 Jan 22;2021:6675851. doi: 10.1155/2021/6675851. eCollection 2021.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) coinfection increases the incidence of end-stage liver disease which is more severe in immune-compromised HIV-infected patients than HCV infection alone. The aim of this study was to assess HCV infection and the associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 HIV-infected adults selected by a systematic random sampling technique from January to March 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and risk factor data. Moreover, the blood specimen was collected and tested for CD4 count and anti-HCV antibody detection according to standard operating procedures. The data obtained were entered into SPSS version 20, and descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. A value ≤0.05 with a corresponding 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant.
Of a total of 249 HIV-infected study subjects, 120 (48.2%) were male and 129 (51.8%) were females, while the mean (±SD) age and CD4+ cells/mm3 were 39.10 (±11.507) years and 316.08 + 290.607 cells/mm3, respectively. Anti-HCV antibody was detected in 13 (5.2%) patients with higher prevalence rate found in males (=0.078) and elders >50 years of age (=0.013) than their counterparts. Age group of >50 years of age (AOR = 9.070, 95% CI: 1.578, 52.117, =0.013), longer duration of HIV treatment (AOR = 5.490, 95% CI: 1.341, 34.458, =0.041), WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR = 12.768, 95% CI: 2.293, 71.106, =0.004), previous history of hospitalization (AOR = 10.234, 95% CI: 2.049, 51.118, =0.005), tooth extraction (AOR = 6.016, 95% CI: 1.137, 36.837, =0.048), and liver disease (AOR = 11.398, 95% CI: 1.275, 101.930, =0.029) were statistically significant predictors of HCV infection.
The prevalence of HCV infection is still higher and causes concern. Therefore, screening of these high-risk groups should be critical to reduce mortality and to improve clinical outcomes.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）合并感染会增加终末期肝病的发病率，在免疫功能低下的HIV感染患者中，这种情况比单纯HCV感染更为严重。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚东北部德西转诊医院就诊的HIV/AIDS患者中的HCV感染情况及相关危险因素。
2018年1月至3月，采用系统随机抽样技术从249名HIV感染成人中开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学和危险因素数据。此外，按照标准操作程序采集血样并检测CD4计数和抗HCV抗体。将获得的数据录入SPSS 20版，进行描述性统计、双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。P值≤0.05且对应95%置信区间被认为具有统计学意义。
在总共249名HIV感染研究对象中，120名（48.2%）为男性，129名（51.8%）为女性，平均（±标准差）年龄和CD4 +细胞/立方毫米分别为39.10（±11.507）岁和316.08 + 290.607细胞/立方毫米。13名（5.2%）患者检测出抗HCV抗体，男性（P = 0.078）和50岁以上老年人（P = 0.013）的患病率高于其对应人群。50岁以上年龄组（调整后比值比[AOR]= 9.070，95%置信区间：1.578，52.1l7，P = 0.013）、HIV治疗时间较长（AOR = 5.490，95%置信区间：1.341，34.458，P = 0.041）、世界卫生组织临床分期III/IV期（AOR = 12.768，95%置信区间：2.293，71.106，P = 0.004）、既往住院史（AOR = 10.234，95%置信区间：2.049，51.118，P = 0.005）、拔牙（AOR = 6.016，95%置信区间：1.137，36.837，P = 0.048）和肝病（AOR = 11.398，95%置信区间：1.275，101.930，P = 0.029）是HCV感染的统计学显著预测因素。
HCV感染患病率仍然较高，令人担忧。因此，对这些高危人群进行筛查对于降低死亡率和改善临床结局至关重要。
