Kinde Mebrie Zemene, Asfaw Edom
University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Unit of Biomedical Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.
University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2021 Jan 29;12:7-13. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S288460. eCollection 2021.
Ruminal disorders are a major threat to the health and welfare of animals worldwide especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. However, there is no recent published report on ruminal disorders and the possible management methods at veterinary clinics in Gondar town. The aim of this study was to identify the common ruminal disorders and treatments given to manage these disorders.
A retrospective study was carried out to identify the common ruminal disorders and their therapeutic management of ruminants (cattle, sheep and goat). Data on 127 cases of animals treated for ruminal disorders in three veterinary clinics were collected from case registration books. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software and descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were used to analyze the data.
Ruminal disorders including simple indigestion, ruminal acidosis, free gas bloat and frothy bloat were identified. From these, 44.1% ruminal acidosis, 26% frothy bloat, 15.7% free gas bloat and 14.2% simple indigestion were identified. Of the total ruminal disorders, 67.7%, 8.6% and 23.6% occurred in bovine, caprine and ovine, respectively. Eighty-six point six percent and thirteen point four percent of ruminal disorders were in young and adult, respectively. The highest rate of ruminal disorders was seen at University of Gondar veterinary clinic. With regard to season, the highest prevalence of these disorders were reported in winter (31.1%) and spring (31.1%). The highest cases were treated using a combination of indigestion powder and antimicrobial (24.4%), followed by a combination of liquid paraffin and indigestion powder (23.6%). All cases were diagnosed empirically, without getting definitive diagnosis.
The findings had shown that ruminal disorders are the major challenges for livestock production in the study areas. Drug prescription without correct diagnosis was also observed. Therefore, accurate veterinary diagnosis and proper management of ruminal disorders as well as proper animal husbandry and feeding management are important to reduce the impact of ruminal disorders.
瘤胃疾病是全球动物健康和福利的主要威胁，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家。然而，目前在贡德尔镇的兽医诊所没有关于瘤胃疾病及可能的管理方法的近期发表报告。本研究的目的是确定常见的瘤胃疾病以及为管理这些疾病所采取的治疗方法。
进行了一项回顾性研究，以确定反刍动物（牛、绵羊和山羊）常见的瘤胃疾病及其治疗管理。从病例登记册中收集了三家兽医诊所治疗的127例瘤胃疾病动物的数据。使用SPSS 20版统计软件对数据进行分析，并使用描述性统计和非参数检验来分析数据。
确定了包括单纯消化不良、瘤胃酸中毒、游离气体膨胀和泡沫性膨胀在内的瘤胃疾病。其中，瘤胃酸中毒占44.1%，泡沫性膨胀占26%，游离气体膨胀占15.7%，单纯消化不良占14.2%。在所有瘤胃疾病中，分别有67.7%、8.6%和23.6%发生在牛、山羊和绵羊身上。瘤胃疾病分别有86.6%和13.4%发生在幼年和成年动物中。贡德尔大学兽医诊所的瘤胃疾病发生率最高。关于季节，这些疾病的最高患病率报告出现在冬季（31.1%）和春季（31.1%）。治疗病例最多的是使用消化不良粉和抗菌药物联合治疗（24.4%），其次是液体石蜡和消化不良粉联合治疗（23.6%）。所有病例均为经验性诊断，未进行明确诊断。
研究结果表明，瘤胃疾病是研究区域家畜生产的主要挑战。还观察到了未经正确诊断就开药的情况。因此，准确的兽医诊断和对瘤胃疾病的适当管理以及适当的畜牧业和饲养管理对于减少瘤胃疾病的影响很重要。
