Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, South Korea.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2511, Sejong-ro Sejong City, 30019, South Korea.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Feb 8;37(3):46. doi: 10.1007/s11274-021-02999-3.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of consortium bioaugmentation (CB) and various biostimulation options on the remediation efficiency and bacterial diversity of diesel-contaminated aged soil. The bacterial consortium was prepared using strains D-46, D-99, D134-1, MSM-2-10-13, and Oil-4, isolated from oil-contaminated soil. The effects of CB and biostimulation were evaluated in various soil microcosms: CT (water), T1 (CB only), T2 (CB + NHNO and KHPO nutrients), T3 (CB + activated charcoal, AC), T4 (CB + nutrients + AC), T5 (AC + water), T6 (CB + nutrients + zero-valent iron nanoparticles, nZVI), T7 (CB + nutrients + AC + nZVI), T8 (CB + activated peroxidase, oxidant), T9 (AC + nZVI), and T10 (CB + nZVI + AC + oxidant). Preliminary evaluation of the bacterial consortium revealed 81.9% diesel degradation in liquid media. After 60 days of treatment, T6 demonstrated the highest total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation (99.0%), followed by T1 (97.4%), T2 (97.9%), T4 (96.0%), T7 (96.0%), T8 (94.8%), T3 (93.6%), and T10 (86.2%). The lowest TPH degradation was found in T5 (24.2%), T9 (17.2%), and CT (11.7%). Application of CB and biostimulation to the soil microcosms decreased bacterial diversity, leading to selective enrichment of bacterial communities. T2, T6, and T10 contained Firmicutes (50.06%), Proteobacteria (64.69%), and Actinobacteria (54.36%) as the predominant phyla, respectively. The initial soil exhibited the lowest metabolic activity, which improved after treatment. The study results indicated that biostimulation alone is inadequate for remediation of contaminated soil that lacks indigenous oil degraders, suggesting the need for a holistic approach that includes both CB and biostimulation. Graphical Abstract.
本研究旨在评估联合体生物强化（CB）和各种生物刺激选项对柴油污染老化土壤修复效率和细菌多样性的影响。细菌联合体是使用从油污染土壤中分离的菌株 D-46、D-99、D134-1、MSM-2-10-13 和 Oil-4 制备的。在各种土壤微宇宙中评估了 CB 和生物刺激的效果：CT（水）、T1（仅 CB）、T2（CB+NHNO 和 KHPO 营养物）、T3（CB+活性炭，AC）、T4（CB+营养物+AC）、T5（AC+水）、T6（CB+营养物+零价铁纳米粒子，nZVI）、T7（CB+营养物+AC+nZVI）、T8（CB+激活过氧化物酶，氧化剂）、T9（AC+nZVI）和 T10（CB+nZVI+AC+氧化剂）。细菌联合体的初步评估显示，在液体培养基中柴油降解率为 81.9%。经过 60 天的处理，T6 表现出最高的总石油烃（TPH）降解（99.0%），其次是 T1（97.4%）、T2（97.9%）、T4（96.0%）、T7（96.0%）、T8（94.8%）、T3（93.6%）和 T10（86.2%）。TPH 降解最低的是 T5（24.2%）、T9（17.2%）和 CT（11.7%）。将 CB 和生物刺激应用于土壤微宇宙降低了细菌多样性，导致细菌群落的选择性富集。T2、T6 和 T10 分别含有厚壁菌门（50.06%）、变形菌门（64.69%）和放线菌门（54.36%）作为主要门。初始土壤的代谢活性最低，处理后得到改善。研究结果表明，单独的生物刺激对于缺乏土著石油降解菌的污染土壤的修复是不够的，这表明需要采用包括 CB 和生物刺激在内的整体方法。
