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战斗机空勤人员的高过载训练。

High-G training for fighter aircrew.

作者信息

Gillingham K K, Fosdick J P

机构信息

Crew Technology Division, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks Air Force Base, TX 78235-5301.

出版信息

Aviat Space Environ Med. 1988 Jan;59(1):12-9.

PMID:3355460
Abstract

From 8 Jan 85 through 12 Feb 86, 741 USAF fighter aircrew from Tactical Air Command underwent high-G training at the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, the major objectives of the training being to increase their understanding of G stress and G protection and to raise their G tolerance. The didactics centered on discussion of the G-time tolerance curve and demonstration of an effective anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM). Exposure to G stress on the USAFSAM centrifuge allowed the trainees to determine their G tolerances and to perfect and practice their AGSM. The trainees' mean relaxed and straining G tolerances on the gradual-onset run (GOR) without anti-G suit inflation were 5.2 and 8.3 G, respectively; and 41% of the trainees reached the 9.0-G run limit. All but two of the trainees completed the 8-G, 15-s rapid-onset run (ROR) with anti-G suit inflated; 94% completed the 9-G, 15-s ROR; and 93% were able to tolerate the 9-G, 10-s ROR while looking back over their left shoulder. G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) occurred in 9% of the trainees, most commonly on the GOR, less often on the 9-G RORs. Motion sickness was a significant problem in less than 1% of the trainees. Critiques provided by 382 trainees revealed 73% enthusiastic or positive assessments of the training, as opposed to only 2% negative or hostile responses. We conclude that high-G training is well-tolerated by fighter aircrew and is a highly appropriate method for minimizing the potential for aircraft mishaps due to G-LOC in flight.

摘要

从1985年1月8日至1986年2月12日,战术空军司令部的741名美国空军战斗机空勤人员在美国空军航空航天医学院接受了高G值训练,训练的主要目的是增强他们对G值应激和G值防护的理解,并提高他们的G值耐受性。教学内容主要围绕G值-时间耐受曲线的讨论以及有效抗G值紧张动作(AGSM)的演示。在美国空军航空航天医学院离心机上承受G值应激,使学员能够确定自己的G值耐受性,并完善和练习他们的AGSM。在未穿抗G值飞行服充气的渐进式启动运行(GOR)中,学员的平均放松和紧张G值耐受性分别为5.2G和8.3G;41%的学员达到了9.0G的运行极限。除两名学员外,所有学员都穿着抗G值飞行服完成了8G、15秒的快速启动运行(ROR);94%的学员完成了9G、15秒的ROR;93%的学员在向左后方回头看时能够耐受9G、10秒的ROR。9%的学员发生了G值诱发意识丧失(G-LOC),最常见于GOR期间,在9G的ROR中较少发生。晕动病在不到1%的学员中是一个严重问题。382名学员提供的反馈显示,73%的人对训练给予了热情或积极评价,而负面或敌对回应仅占2%。我们得出结论,战斗机空勤人员对高G值训练耐受性良好,并且是最大限度减少飞行中因G-LOC导致飞机事故可能性的非常合适的方法。

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