California State University, Long Beach, USA.
Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2021 Dec;47(12):1635-1653. doi: 10.1177/0146167220984407. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
Gender segregation is ubiquitous and may lead to increased bias against other-gender peers. In this study, we examined whether individual differences in friendships with other-gender children reduce gender bias, and whether these patterns vary by gender or ethnicity. Using a 1-year longitudinal design ( 408 second graders [ = 7.56 years] and fourth graders [ = 9.48 years]), we found that, across groups, gaining more other-gender friendships over the year led to (a) increased positive cognitive-based attitudes toward the other gender and (b) increased positive and decreased negative affect when with the other gender. We also tested the reverse pattern and found support for a bidirectional link. Girls and Latinx children often showed more gender bias than did boys and European American children. Implications for promoting positive relationships between girls and boys are discussed.
性别隔离普遍存在，可能导致对异性同伴的偏见增加。在这项研究中，我们研究了与异性儿童的友谊差异是否会减少性别偏见，以及这些模式是否因性别或种族而异。我们使用了一项为期一年的纵向设计（408 名二年级学生[=7.56 岁]和四年级学生[=9.48 岁]），发现，在所有群体中，一年中与更多异性的友谊会导致：(a)对异性的基于认知的积极态度增加；(b)与异性相处时的积极情绪增加，消极情绪减少。我们还测试了相反的模式，并发现了双向联系的支持。女孩和拉丁裔儿童通常比男孩和欧裔美国儿童表现出更多的性别偏见。讨论了促进女孩和男孩之间积极关系的意义。
