女性退伍军人心理健康相关的风险和保护因素：退伍军人健康研究的结果。
Risk and protective factors associated with mental health among female military veterans: results from the veterans' health study.
机构信息
Department of Sociology, Kent State University, 215 Merrill Hall, 700 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH, 44242-0001, USA.
Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Clinic, 100 N. Academy Avenue, MC 44-00, Danville, PA, 17822, USA.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Feb 8;21(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01181-z.
BACKGROUND
This study focuses on factors that may disproportionately affect female veterans' mental health, compared to men, and is part of a larger study assessing the prevalence of mental health disorders and treatment seeking among formerly deployed US military service members.
METHODS
We surveyed a random sample of 1,730 veterans who were patients in a large non-VA hospital system in the US. Based on previous research, women were hypothesized to be at higher risk for psychological problems. We adjusted our results for confounding factors, including history of trauma, childhood abuse, combat exposure, deployments, stressful life events, alcohol misuse, psychological resources, and social support.
RESULTS
Among the veterans studied, 5% were female (n = 85), 96% were White (n = 1,161), 22.9% were Iraq/Afghanistan veterans (n = 398), and the mean age was 59 years old (SD = 12). Compared to males, female veterans were younger, unmarried, college graduates, had less combat exposure, but were more likely to have lifetime PTSD (29% vs. 12%.), depression (46% vs. 21%), suicidal ideation (27% vs. 11%), and lifetime mental health service use (67% vs. 47%). Females were also more likely to have low psychological resilience and to have used psychotropic medications in the past year. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses that controlled for risk and protective factors, female veterans had greater risk for lifetime PTSD, depression, suicidal thoughts, and for lifetime use of psychological services, compared to males. Since 95% of the population in this study were male and these results may have been statistically biased, we reran our analyses using propensity score matching. Results were consistent across these analyses.
CONCLUSION
Using a sample of post-deployment veterans receiving healthcare services from a large non-VA health system, we find that female veterans are at greater risk for lifetime psychological problems, compared to male veterans. We discuss these findings and their implications for service providers.
背景
本研究重点关注与男性相比，可能对女性退伍军人心理健康产生不成比例影响的因素，这是评估美国前军事人员心理健康障碍患病率和寻求治疗情况的更大规模研究的一部分。
方法
我们调查了美国一家大型非退伍军人事务医院系统的 1730 名随机退伍军人样本。基于先前的研究，假设女性面临更高的心理问题风险。我们调整了结果，以控制混杂因素，包括创伤史、儿童期虐待、战斗暴露、部署、生活压力事件、酒精滥用、心理资源和社会支持。
结果
在所研究的退伍军人中，5%为女性（n=85），96%为白人（n=1161），22.9%为伊拉克/阿富汗退伍军人（n=398），平均年龄为 59 岁（标准差=12）。与男性相比，女性退伍军人年龄较小、未婚、大学毕业、战斗暴露较少，但终生创伤后应激障碍（29%比 12%）、抑郁（46%比 21%）、自杀意念（27%比 11%）和终生心理健康服务使用（67%比 47%）的可能性更高。女性也更有可能心理韧性较低，过去一年使用过精神药物。使用控制风险和保护因素的多变量逻辑回归分析，与男性相比，女性退伍军人终生患创伤后应激障碍、抑郁、自杀念头和终生使用心理服务的风险更高。由于本研究中 95%的人口为男性，这些结果可能存在统计偏差，因此我们使用倾向评分匹配重新分析了这些结果。这些分析结果一致。
结论
使用来自大型非退伍军人事务医疗系统接受医疗服务的退伍军人后样本，我们发现与男性退伍军人相比，女性退伍军人终生心理问题的风险更高。我们讨论了这些发现及其对服务提供者的影响。
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