Benbow Alison E F, Aumann Lara, Paizan Mădălina A, Titzmann Peter F
Institute of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover, Schloßwender Straße 1, Hannover, D-30159, Germany.
New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2021 Mar;2021(176):183-204. doi: 10.1002/cad.20393. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
Perceived social support can help immigrant youth to deal with developmental acculturation: the simultaneous resolution of developmental and acculturative tasks. This person-oriented three-wave comparative study investigated perceived social support trajectories in two immigrant and one non-immigrant group. We investigated whether similar social support trajectory classes can be found across groups, whether developmental and/or acculturation-related processes predict class membership, and whether social support trajectory classes associate with changes in self-efficacy. The sample comprised 1326 ethnic German immigrant and 830 non-immigrant adolescents in Germany, and 1593 Russian Jewish adolescents in Israel (N = 3749; M = 15.45; SD = 2.01; 50% female). Results revealed two social support trajectory classes across all and within each group: a stable well-supported class and a low but increasingly-supported class. Respective to the increasingly-supported class, membership in the well-supported class was associated with commonality in developmental predictors (female gender, high involvement with family and peers) in all groups and specificity in acculturation-related predictors (higher heritage and host culture orientation) in immigrant groups. Patterns of self-efficacy over time matched social support trajectories of both classes in all groups. Findings indicate that stakeholders looking to support immigrant adolescents should be aware of the nuanced coaction of development and migration.
即同时解决发展任务和文化适应任务。这项以个体为导向的三波比较研究调查了两个移民群体和一个非移民群体的感知社会支持轨迹。我们研究了不同群体之间是否能找到相似的社会支持轨迹类别，发展和/或与文化适应相关的过程是否能预测类别归属，以及社会支持轨迹类别是否与自我效能感的变化相关。样本包括德国的1326名德裔移民青少年和830名非移民青少年，以及以色列的1593名俄罗斯犹太青少年（N = 3749；M = 15.45；SD = 2.01；50%为女性）。结果显示，所有群体以及每个群体内部都存在两种社会支持轨迹类别：稳定且得到充分支持的类别和支持度低但逐渐增加的类别。对于支持度逐渐增加的类别，在所有群体中，处于得到充分支持的类别与发展预测因素（女性性别、与家庭和同伴的高度参与）的共性相关，在移民群体中则与文化适应相关预测因素（更高的传统文化和东道国文化取向）的特异性相关。所有群体中，随着时间推移的自我效能模式与两类群体的社会支持轨迹相匹配。研究结果表明，希望支持移民青少年的利益相关者应意识到发展和移民之间细微的共同作用。
