2nd Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokratio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eur J Clin Invest. 2021 Jul;51(7):e13510. doi: 10.1111/eci.13510. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia, with constantly increasing incidence in paediatric population. The discovery of new molecules, such as microRNAs, and their possible interactions with T1DM create novel aspects in the diagnosis of the disease.
This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Cochrane CENTRAL and Clinicaltrials.gov. were searched up to 20 April 2020. Inclusion criteria for individual studies were quantification of microRNAs in serum/plasma samples and study groups consisting of children and adolescents with T1DM and healthy controls. Primary outcome of the study was the qualitative expression of microRNAs between the two groups. Statistical analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v3.0. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
A total of 484 studies were retrieved from the initial search of the databases. These were subsequently limited to seven included studies. Seven microRNAs demonstrated contrasting expression between the two groups, with two of them showing significant overexpression in T1DM group (miR-181:95% CI: 0.429 to 1.341 P < .001, miR-210:95% CI: 0.381 to 0.852, P < .001) and one micro-RNA being significantly overexpressed in control group (miR-375:95% CI: 0.293 to 1.459, P = .003).
A total of three micro-RNA molecules appeared to have a significantly different expression in T1DM patients, serving as a possible diagnostic panel of biomarkers. These findings may contribute as reference for future research to further support the use of microRNAs as a novel diagnostic tool in T1DM.
1 型糖尿病（T1DM）是一种以高血糖为特征的复杂代谢紊乱，在儿科人群中的发病率不断上升。新分子（如 microRNAs）的发现及其与 T1DM 的可能相互作用，为该疾病的诊断带来了新的方面。
本系统评价和荟萃分析遵循 PRISMA 指南。截至 2020 年 4 月 20 日，检索了 MEDLINE、SCOPUS、Cochrane CENTRAL 和 Clinicaltrials.gov。纳入研究的个体标准是定量检测血清/血浆样本中的 microRNAs，以及由 T1DM 患儿和青少年与健康对照组组成的研究组。该研究的主要结果是两组之间 microRNAs 的定性表达。使用 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v3.0 进行统计分析。使用 Newcastle-Ottawa 量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
从数据库的初步搜索中总共检索到 484 项研究。随后将这些研究限制为纳入的七项研究。七种 microRNAs 在两组之间表现出相反的表达，其中两种在 T1DM 组中表现出显著的过表达（miR-181：95%置信区间：0.429 至 1.341，P<0.001，miR-210：95%置信区间：0.381 至 0.852，P<0.001），一种 microRNA 在对照组中表现出显著过表达（miR-375：95%置信区间：0.293 至 1.459，P=0.003）。
三种 microRNA 分子在 T1DM 患者中似乎表现出明显不同的表达，可作为潜在的诊断生物标志物。这些发现可能为未来的研究提供参考，进一步支持将 microRNAs 作为 T1DM 的一种新的诊断工具。
