San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Immunol Rev. 2021 Mar;300(1):220-236. doi: 10.1111/imr.12944. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
Most, if not all, aspects of carcinogenesis are influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME), a complex architecture of cells, matrix components, soluble signals, and their dynamic interactions in the context of physical traits of the tissue. Expanding application of technologies for high-dimensional analyses with single-cell resolution has begun to decipher the contributions of the immune system to cancer progression and its implications for therapy. In this review, we will discuss the multifaceted roles of tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils, focusing on factors that subvert tissue immune homeostasis and offer therapeutic opportunities for TME reprogramming. By performing a critical analysis of available datasets, we elaborate on diversification mechanisms and unifying principles of myeloid cell heterogeneity in human tumors.
大多数（如果不是全部）癌症发生的方面都受到肿瘤微环境（TME）的影响，TME 是细胞、基质成分、可溶性信号及其在组织物理特性背景下的动态相互作用的复杂结构。单细胞分辨率的高维分析技术的应用不断扩展，开始解析免疫系统对癌症进展的贡献及其对治疗的影响。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论肿瘤相关巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的多方面作用，重点讨论颠覆组织免疫平衡的因素，并为 TME 重编程提供治疗机会。通过对现有数据集的批判性分析，我们详细阐述了人类肿瘤中髓样细胞异质性的多样化机制和统一原则。
