School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making of Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Feb 10;23(2):e18264. doi: 10.2196/18264.
With the increased older population in China and the subsequent reduced labor force, the "demographic bonus" is disappearing. The Chinese government proposed a Healthy China strategy in 2017. The transfer of the demographic bonus to a "health bonus" extended the working life of people and reduced the negative impact of the population's aging on the labor force structure.
This research focuses on the effect of older workers' social media usage at work on their work ability (related to both physical and mental health) and thus their willingness to delay retirement.
The questionnaire respondents were older than 55 years, and they obtained the questionnaire from social media, from June to July 2018. A total of 1020 valid questionnaires were collected, and SmartPLS 3.28 (SmartPLS GmbH) was used to analyze the data. Effects were analyzed using 2-tailed t tests.
(1) Use of social media at work can improve information support (t=13.318, P<.001), emotional support (t=13.184, P<.001), and self-efficacy (t=6.364, P<.001) for older people; (2) information support is the main factor affecting the self-efficacy of older workers (t=23.304, P<.001), as compared with emotional support (t=1.799, P=0.07); (3) the impacts of emotional support on work ability (t=8.876, P<.001) and work stress (t=9.545, P<.001) are generally higher than those of information support (t=4.394, P<.001; t=5.002, P<.001); (4) self-efficacy has an impact on work ability (t=5.658, P<.001) and work stress (t=4.717, P<.001); and (5) the impacts of work ability (t=8.586, P<.001) and work stress (t=8.579, P<.001) on retirement willingness are greater than those of emotional support (t=2.112, P=.04) and information support (t=4.314, P<.001).
Our study confirms that the use of social media at work has a positive impact on older workers. Based on the findings, we have put forward proposals to extend people's working lives and help governments implement health bonus policies. In the future, we will compare the different values of willingness to delay retirement among older people in different occupations and different cultures.
随着中国老年人口的增加和随之而来的劳动力减少，“人口红利”正在消失。中国政府在 2017 年提出了健康中国战略。将人口红利转移到“健康红利”上，可以延长人们的工作寿命，减少人口老龄化对劳动力结构的负面影响。
本研究关注的是老年工人在工作中使用社交媒体对其工作能力（与身心健康有关）的影响，进而对其延迟退休的意愿。
问卷的受访者年龄在 55 岁以上，他们于 2018 年 6 月至 7 月通过社交媒体获得了问卷。共收集了 1020 份有效问卷，使用 SmartPLS 3.28（SmartPLS GmbH）对数据进行分析。使用双侧 t 检验分析效果。
（1）工作中使用社交媒体可以提高老年人的信息支持（t=13.318，P<.001）、情感支持（t=13.184，P<.001）和自我效能感（t=6.364，P<.001）；（2）信息支持是影响老年工人自我效能感的主要因素（t=23.304，P<.001），而情感支持（t=1.799，P=0.07）；（3）情感支持对工作能力（t=8.876，P<.001）和工作压力（t=9.545，P<.001）的影响普遍高于信息支持（t=4.394，P<.001；t=5.002，P<.001）；（4）自我效能感对工作能力（t=5.658，P<.001）和工作压力（t=4.717，P<.001）有影响；（5）工作能力（t=8.586，P<.001）和工作压力（t=8.579，P<.001）对退休意愿的影响大于情感支持（t=2.112，P=.04）和信息支持（t=4.314，P<.001）。
我们的研究证实，工作中使用社交媒体对老年工人有积极影响。基于这些发现，我们提出了延长人们工作寿命的建议，并帮助政府实施健康红利政策。未来，我们将比较不同职业和不同文化的老年人对延迟退休意愿的不同价值。
