Boys Town and The University of Nebraska School of Medicine.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2021 Apr;54(2):636-653. doi: 10.1002/jaba.816. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
From the beginning of recorded time human beings have assigned blame to persons who misbehave. The first prominent person to make an alternative case was Father Edward J. Flanagan, the founder of Boys Town, who proclaimed there was "no such thing as a bad boy, only bad environment, bad modeling, and bad teaching" (Oursler & Oursler, 1949, p. 7) in other words, bad circumstances. This paper will refer to this perspective as the Circumstances View of problem behavior and anchor it as the foundational idea for the field of behavior analysis. This paper will discuss the origins of the Circumstances View, the benefits that result from its adoption, reasons why its adoption is not more widespread, and suggestions for disseminating it more widely.
从有记录的历史开始，人们就会将过错归咎于行为不端的人。第一个提出替代观点的重要人物是“男孩镇”的创始人爱德华·J·弗拉纳根神父，他宣称“没有坏孩子，只有糟糕的环境、不良的榜样和错误的教育”（奥瑟勒 & 奥瑟勒，1949，第 7 页），换句话说，是糟糕的环境。本文将这种观点称为问题行为的环境观点，并将其作为行为分析领域的基础理念。本文将讨论环境观点的起源、采用该观点带来的好处、采用该观点不那么普遍的原因，以及更广泛传播该观点的建议。
