Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan.
Division of Symbiotic Systems, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
J Plant Res. 2021 Mar;134(2):341-352. doi: 10.1007/s10265-021-01258-8. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Spatiotemporal features of anthocyanin accumulation in a model legume Lotus japonicus (Regel) K.Larsen were elucidated to develop criteria for the genetic analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis. Artificial mutants and wild accessions, with lower anthocyanin accumulation in the stem than the standard wild type (B-129 'Gifu'), were obtained by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis and from a collection of wild-grown variants, respectively. The loci responsible for the green stem of the mutants were named as VIRIDICAULIS (VIC). Genetic and chemical analysis identified two loci, namely, VIC1 and VIC2, required for the production of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), and two loci, namely, VIC3 and VIC4, required for the steps specific to anthocyanin biosynthesis. A mutation in VIC5 significantly reduced the anthocyanin accumulation. These mutants will serve as a useful system for examining the effects of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins on the interactions with herbivorous pests, pathogenic microorganisms and nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria, Mesorhizobium loti.
为了开发黄酮类生物合成的遗传分析标准，阐明了模式豆科植物百脉根（Regel）K.Larsen中花色苷积累的时空特征。通过乙磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变和野生种的收集，分别获得了茎中花色苷积累低于标准野生型（B-129'Gifu'）的人工突变体和野生型。负责突变体绿色茎的基因座命名为 VIRIDICAULIS（VIC）。遗传和化学分析确定了两个基因座，即 VIC1 和 VIC2，它们是花色苷和原花青素（缩合单宁）产生所必需的，以及两个基因座，即 VIC3 和 VIC4，它们是花色苷生物合成特定步骤所必需的。VIC5 突变显著降低了花色苷的积累。这些突变体将作为一个有用的系统，用于研究花色苷和原花青素对与食草害虫、病原微生物和固氮共生细菌中 Mesorhizobium loti 的相互作用的影响。
