Stock T M, Holmes J C
Department of Zoology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Parasitol. 1988 Apr;74(2):214-27.
The significance of interspecific interactions as a structuring force in the enteric helminth communities of 4 species of grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis, Podiceps grisegena, P. nigricollis, and P. auritus) was evaluated. Patterns of microhabitat distribution revealed that helminths resided in predictable locations along the length of the small intestine. Individual species of helminths occupied a high proportion of the intestine and varied in position in different host species suggesting a broad tolerance for conditions along the intestine. However, in individual birds, helminths were much more restricted in distribution, overlapped considerably less than their overall ranges would suggest, congeners had complementary distributions, and there was evidence of interference by at least 1 core species, all suggesting that interactions are important in these communities. Nevertheless, vacant niches were present in most birds, and core species were not distributed more evenly than would be expected through random placement. This suggests that important resources may not be distributed evenly along the intestinal gradient.
评估了种间相互作用作为4种䴙䴘（西方鸊鷉、灰颈䴙䴘、黑颈䴙䴘和角䴙䴘）肠道蠕虫群落结构形成力量的重要性。微生境分布模式表明，蠕虫沿小肠长度分布在可预测的位置。单个蠕虫物种占据小肠的比例较高，且在不同宿主物种中的位置有所不同，这表明它们对小肠环境条件具有广泛的耐受性。然而，在个体鸟类中，蠕虫的分布受到更多限制，重叠程度远低于其总体分布范围所显示的情况，同属物种具有互补分布，并且有证据表明至少有1个核心物种存在干扰，所有这些都表明种间相互作用在这些群落中很重要。尽管如此，大多数鸟类中仍存在空生态位，核心物种的分布并不比随机分布预期的更均匀。这表明重要资源可能并非沿肠道梯度均匀分布。
