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噻唑并咔唑提升 STING 表达并增强 cGAMP 癌症免疫疗法在小鼠中的效果。

Zebularine elevates STING expression and enhances cGAMP cancer immunotherapy in mice.

机构信息

Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, China; The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, China.

Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, China.

出版信息

Mol Ther. 2021 May 5;29(5):1758-1771. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Abstract

DNA methylation abnormality is closely related to tumor occurrence and development. Chemical inhibitors targeting DNA methyltransferase (DNMTis) have been used in treating cancer. However, the impact of DNMTis on antitumor immunity has not been well elucidated. In this study, we show that zebularine (a demethylating agent) treatment of cancer cells led to increased levels of interferon response in a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)- and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent manner. This treatment also specifically sensitized the cGAS-STING pathway in response to DNA stimulation. Incorporation of zebularine into genomic DNA caused demethylation and elevated expression of a group of genes, including STING. Without causing DNA damage, zebularine led to accumulation of DNA species in the cytoplasm of treated cells. In syngeneic tumor models, administration of zebularine alone reduced tumor burden and extended mice survival. This effect synergized with cGAMP and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The efficacy of zebularine was abolished in nude mice and in cGAS or STING mice, indicating its dependency on host immunity. Analysis of tumor cells indicates upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) following zebularine administration. Zebularine promoted infiltration of CD8 T cells and natural killer (NK) cells into tumor and therefore suppressed tumor growth. This study unveils the role of zebularine in sensitizing the cGAS-STING pathway to promote anti-tumor immunity and provides the foundation for further therapeutic development.

摘要

DNA 甲基化异常与肿瘤的发生和发展密切相关。靶向 DNA 甲基转移酶(DNMTs)的化学抑制剂已被用于治疗癌症。然而,DNMTs 对抗肿瘤免疫的影响尚未得到充分阐明。在这项研究中,我们表明,氮杂胞苷(一种去甲基化剂)处理癌细胞会导致环鸟苷酸-AMP(cGAMP)合酶(cGAS)和干扰素基因刺激物(STING)依赖的方式增加干扰素反应水平。这种治疗还特异性地敏化了 cGAS-STING 通路对 DNA 刺激的反应。氮杂胞苷掺入基因组 DNA 会导致一组基因(包括 STING)的去甲基化和表达水平升高。氮杂胞苷在不造成 DNA 损伤的情况下,导致处理细胞的细胞质中 DNA 物质的积累。在同种异体肿瘤模型中,单独给予氮杂胞苷可减少肿瘤负担并延长小鼠的存活时间。这种效果与 cGAMP 和免疫检查点阻断治疗协同作用。在裸鼠和 cGAS 或 STING 小鼠中,氮杂胞苷的疗效被废除,表明其依赖于宿主免疫。对肿瘤细胞的分析表明,氮杂胞苷给药后干扰素刺激基因(ISGs)上调。氮杂胞苷促进 CD8 T 细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞浸润肿瘤,从而抑制肿瘤生长。这项研究揭示了氮杂胞苷在敏化 cGAS-STING 通路以促进抗肿瘤免疫中的作用,并为进一步的治疗发展提供了基础。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7f4a/8116609/f40c97d3e2a8/fx1.jpg

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