Pastorino Paolo, Pizzul Elisabetta, Barceló Damià, Abete Maria Cesarina, Magara Gabriele, Brizio Paola, Avolio Rosa, Bertoli Marco, Dondo Alessandro, Prearo Marino, Elia Antonia Concetta
The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 10;772:145034. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145034. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Fish can be highly vulnerable to environmental pressures because they are exposed to oxidative stressors in the aquatic environment. Such stressors can affect the levels of antioxidant biomarkers against reactive oxygen species (ROS). With this study we investigated the oxidative stress ecology in Danube barbel (Barbus balcanicus) from the Barbucina creek (northeast Italy), a watercourse in the Collio winegrowing district. To do this, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was measured in gills, liver, and muscle, while metallothioneins (MT) and trace and rare earth elements (REEs) levels were determined in muscle. The effect of environmental factors (physicochemical parameters of water, trace elements and REEs) on oxidative stress biomarkers was thus assessed. High concentrations were determined for cerium (Ce), scandium (Sc), neodymium (Nd), lanthanum (La), yttrium (Y), and praseodymium (Pr) among the REEs. Among the trace elements, arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and mercury (Hg) levels were higher compared to published data, suggesting their role as stressors. The multiple linear regression (MLR) model showed a statistically significant association (R = 0.858; F = 10.07; p = 0.015) between As, Cu, Hg, and Pr and SOD activity in the gills, indicating a functional relationship between them. Differently, CAT activity was significantly higher in the liver, probably in response to long-term Cu contamination of the watercourse. This was confirmed by the MLR model that showed a significant association (R = 0.638; F = 8.152; p = 0.02) between the concentration of MT and of Cu. Our data show a biochemical defensive response by Danube barbel to the disturbances in the aquatic ecosystem of the Barbucina creek. These insights advance our understanding of the role and the effects of environmental factors as trace elements and REEs on oxidative stress in fish.
鱼类可能极易受到环境压力的影响，因为它们在水生环境中会受到氧化应激源的影响。此类应激源会影响针对活性氧（ROS）的抗氧化生物标志物的水平。在本研究中，我们调查了来自意大利东北部科利奥葡萄酒产区一条水道——巴尔布西纳溪的多瑙河鲃（Barbus balcanicus）的氧化应激生态学。为此，我们测量了鳃、肝脏和肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽S - 转移酶（GST）活性，同时测定了肌肉中的金属硫蛋白（MT）以及微量元素和稀土元素（REEs）水平。由此评估了环境因素（水的理化参数、微量元素和稀土元素）对氧化应激生物标志物的影响。在稀土元素中，铈（Ce）、钪（Sc）、钕（Nd）、镧（La）、钇（Y）和镨（Pr）的浓度较高。在微量元素中，砷（As）、铜（Cu）和汞（Hg）的水平高于已发表的数据，表明它们作为应激源的作用。多元线性回归（MLR）模型显示，鳃中As、Cu、Hg和Pr与SOD活性之间存在统计学上的显著关联（R = 0.858；F = 10.07；p = 0.015），表明它们之间存在功能关系。不同的是，肝脏中的CAT活性显著更高，这可能是对水道长期铜污染的一种反应。MLR模型证实了这一点，该模型显示MT浓度与Cu浓度之间存在显著关联（R = 0.638；F = 8.152；p = 0.02）。我们的数据显示多瑙河鲃对巴尔布西纳溪水生生态系统的干扰产生了生化防御反应。这些见解推进了我们对环境因素（如微量元素和稀土元素）在鱼类氧化应激中的作用和影响的理解。
