Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 40903 Barakaldo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 30;18(3):1247. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031247.
Previous research connecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and caregiver mental health has primarily been conducted cross-sectionally in the U.S. and Western Europe. This study, therefore, examined how HRQoL in individuals immediately after their TBI predicts longitudinal caregiver depression symptom trajectories in Latin America. A sample of 109 patients with an acute TBI and 109 caregivers (total = 218) was recruited from three hospitals in Mexico City, Mexico, and in Cali and Neiva, Colombia. TBI patients reported their HRQoL while they were still in hospital, and caregivers reported their depression symptoms at the same time and at 2 and 4 months later. Hierarchal linear models (HLM) found that caregiver depression symptom scores decreased over time, and lower patient mental health and pain-related quality of life at baseline (higher pain) predicted higher overall caregiver depression symptom trajectories across the three time points. These findings suggest that in Latin America, there is an identifiable relationship between psychological and pain-related symptoms after TBI and caregiver depression symptom outcomes. The results highlight the importance of early detection of caregiver mental health needs based in part upon patient HRQoL and a culturally informed approach to rehabilitation services for Latin American TBI caregivers.
先前有关创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）与护理人员心理健康之间关系的研究主要是在美国和西欧进行的横断面研究。因此，本研究考察了个体在 TBI 后立即的 HRQoL 如何预测拉丁美洲的纵向护理人员抑郁症状轨迹。从墨西哥城、墨西哥的三家医院以及哥伦比亚的卡利和内瓦招募了 109 名急性 TBI 患者和 109 名护理人员（共 218 人）。TBI 患者在住院期间报告其 HRQoL，而护理人员在同一时间以及 2 个月和 4 个月后报告其抑郁症状。分层线性模型（HLM）发现，护理人员的抑郁症状评分随时间推移而降低，而基线时患者的心理健康和与疼痛相关的生活质量较低（疼痛程度较高）预示着在三个时间点上总体护理人员抑郁症状轨迹较高。这些发现表明，在拉丁美洲，TBI 后心理和与疼痛相关的症状与护理人员抑郁症状结果之间存在可识别的关系。研究结果强调了根据患者的 HRQoL 以及针对拉丁美洲 TBI 护理人员的康复服务的文化知情方法，早期发现护理人员心理健康需求的重要性。
