Key Laboratory of Personality and Cognition, Faculty of Psychological Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Institute for Psychological Research & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2021 Aug;74(8):1465-1476. doi: 10.1177/1747021821997826. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Single-bout focused-attention meditation (FAM) and open-monitoring meditation (OMM) are assumed to bias metacontrol states towards more persistent versus more flexible processing, respectively. In Experiment 1, we tested whether monitoring and updating of working memory (WM) representations in an -back task with high (3-back), medium (2-back), and low (1-back) WM demands (varied within participants) is affected by preceding single-bout FAM or OMM meditation (varied between participants and compared with a control group). The results showed that FAM promotes WM performance in the medium (2-back), but not in the high (3-back) or low (1-back) demand condition, whereas OMM did not affect WM performance. A replication of the 2-back condition only (Experiment 2) showed no meditation effect, but a replication of the 3-back condition only (Experiment 3) produced a similar pattern as the 2-back condition in Experiment 1, with FAM promoting performance compared with OMM and the control condition. Taken together, these findings suggest that the single-bout FAM does promote WM performance but only if the capacity demands are neither too high nor too low.
单回合集中注意力冥想（FAM）和开放式监控冥想（OMM）分别被认为会使元控制状态偏向更持久的处理而非更灵活的处理。在实验 1 中，我们测试了在具有高（3 回）、中（2 回）和低（1 回）工作记忆（WM）需求的 - 回任务中，监测和更新 WM 表示是否受到之前的单回合 FAM 或 OMM 冥想的影响（参与者之间变化，并与对照组进行比较）。结果表明，FAM 促进了中（2 回）需求条件下的 WM 表现，但不能促进高（3 回）或低（1 回）需求条件下的 WM 表现，而 OMM 则没有影响 WM 表现。仅对 2 回条件进行复制（实验 2）没有显示出冥想效果，但仅对 3 回条件进行复制（实验 3）则产生了与实验 1 中的 2 回条件相似的模式，与 OMM 和对照组相比，FAM 促进了表现。总的来说，这些发现表明，单回合 FAM 确实可以提高 WM 表现，但前提是容量需求既不过高也不过低。
