Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2021 Feb;53(2):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.019.
To investigate the alignment between vegetables and fruits listed in the ingredients of commercially produced infant and toddler food (ITF) and inclusion in front-of-package product names.
A database of commercial ITF containing vegetables (n = 548) was created. Inclusion of each vegetable or fruit in the product name (yes/no), form (ie, whole/puree, juice/juice concentrate, etc), and ingredient list position (ie, first, second) were recorded. Vegetables were classified per US Department of Agriculture categories; fruits were classified into 2 categories.
Chi-square tests of association tested associations between product name inclusion and (1) vegetable and fruit category, (2) form, and (3) form by category.
Associations were observed between vegetable and fruit categories and inclusion in product names [χ (6, N = 1,462) = 70.3, P < 0.001]. Vegetables in the US Department of Agriculture dark green category were more likely to appear in product names (94%; standardized residual [SR] = 2.1), as were other vegetables (62%; SR = 4.9). Vegetable and fruit forms were associated with inclusion in product name [χ (4, N = 1,462) = 206.6, P < 0.001]. Juice/juice concentrates were less likely to be included in names (32.4%; SR = -5.4).
Substantial discrepancies exist between ITF ingredient lists and front-of-package product names. When only front-of-package information informs purchases, caregivers may not be purchasing products that facilitate children's building of vegetable preferences.
调查市售婴幼儿食品（ITF）配料表中列出的蔬菜和水果与产品名称前的标注的一致性。
创建了一个包含市售 ITF 的数据库，其中包含蔬菜（n=548）。记录每种蔬菜或水果在产品名称中的使用情况（是/否）、形式（如全/泥、汁/浓缩汁等）和配料表中的位置（如第一、第二）。蔬菜按照美国农业部的类别进行分类；水果分为两类。
卡方检验用于检验产品名称中包含的蔬菜和水果的类别、形式以及类别与形式之间的关联。
观察到蔬菜和水果的类别与产品名称的使用之间存在关联[χ(6, N=1462)=70.3, P<0.001]。美国农业部深绿色蔬菜类别中的蔬菜更有可能出现在产品名称中（94%；标准化残差[SR]=2.1），其他蔬菜也是如此（62%；SR=4.9）。蔬菜和水果的形式与产品名称的使用相关联[χ(4, N=1462)=206.6, P<0.001]。果汁/浓缩汁不太可能包含在名称中（32.4%；SR=-5.4）。
ITF 配料表和产品名称前的标注之间存在很大差异。当仅根据产品名称前的信息进行购买时，护理人员可能不会购买到有助于儿童建立对蔬菜偏好的产品。
