Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan.
Biotechnol Lett. 2021 May;43(5):1037-1042. doi: 10.1007/s10529-021-03092-3. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Biodevices in which biomolecules such as enzymes and antibodies are immobilized on the surface of electrode materials are capable of converting chemical energy into electrical energy, and are expected to contribute to solving energy problems and developing medical measurements especially as biobatteries and biosensors. Device performance depends on the interface formed between the biomolecule layer and electrode material, and the interface is required to simultaneously achieve a highly efficient enzymatic reaction and electron transfer. However, when enzymes were immobilized on a material surface, the enzymes undergoes a structural change due to the interaction between the enzyme and the electrode surface, making it difficult to maximize the function of the enzyme molecule on the material surface. In this study, we postulate that the structural change of the enzyme would be reduced and the electrochemical performance improved by making the contact area between the enzyme and the electrode extremely small and adsorbing it as a point. Therefore, we aimed to develop a high-power biodevice that retains enzyme structure and activity by interposing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) between the enzyme and the electrode. The enzymatic and electrochemical properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase adsorbed on AuNPs of 5-40 nm diameter were investigated. We found that the characteristics differed among the particles, and the enzyme adsorbed on 20 nm AuNPs showed the best electrochemical characteristics.
将生物分子（如酶和抗体）固定在电极材料表面的生物器件能够将化学能转化为电能，有望有助于解决能源问题并开发医学测量技术，特别是作为生物电池和生物传感器。器件性能取决于生物分子层与电极材料之间形成的界面，该界面需要同时实现高效的酶反应和电子转移。然而，当酶固定在材料表面时，由于酶与电极表面之间的相互作用，酶会发生结构变化，从而难以最大限度地发挥酶分子在材料表面的功能。在这项研究中，我们假设通过使酶与电极之间的接触面积极小并将其吸附为一个点，可以减少酶的结构变化并改善电化学性能。因此，我们旨在通过在酶和电极之间插入金纳米粒子 (AuNP) 来开发一种保留酶结构和活性的高功率生物器件。研究了吸附在直径为 5-40nm 的 AuNP 上的吡咯并喹啉醌依赖性葡萄糖脱氢酶的酶学和电化学性质。我们发现这些粒子之间存在特性差异，并且吸附在 20nm AuNP 上的酶表现出最佳的电化学特性。
