Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
The Food College, Practice for Diet, Nutrition, Sports and Food Technology, 8651 AE IJlst, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2021 Feb 10;13(2):587. doi: 10.3390/nu13020587.
Detailed information about the amount of allergenic protein ingested by the patient prior to an allergic reaction yields valuable information for the diagnosis, guidance and management of food allergy. However, the exact amount of ingredients is often not declared on the label. In this study the feasibility was studied for estimating the amount of allergenic protein from milk, eggs, peanuts and hazelnuts in frequently consumed composite and non-composite foods and per bite or sip size in different age groups in the Netherlands. Foods containing milk, egg, peanut or hazelnut most frequently consumed were selected for the age groups 2-3, 4-6 and 19-30 years. If the label did not yield clear information, the amount of allergenic protein was estimated based on food labels. Bite or sip sizes were determined in these age groups in 30 different foods. The amount of allergenic protein could be estimated in 47/70 (67%) of composite foods, which was complex. Estimated protein content of milk, egg, peanut and hazelnut was 2-3 g for most foods but varied greatly from 3 to 8610 mg and may be below threshold levels of the patient. In contrast, a single bite or sip can contain a sufficient amount of allergenic protein to elicit an allergic reaction. Bite and sip sizes increased with age. In every day practice it is hard to obtain detailed and reliable information about the amount of allergenic protein incorporated in composite foods. We encourage companies to disclose the amount of common allergenic foods on their labels.
详细了解患者在发生过敏反应前摄入的过敏原蛋白量，可为食物过敏的诊断、指导和管理提供有价值的信息。然而，过敏原的实际含量往往并未在标签上标注。本研究旨在评估荷兰不同年龄段人群经常食用的复合和非复合食品中，以及每口或每吸大小的牛奶、鸡蛋、花生和榛子过敏原蛋白含量的可行性。选择 2-3 岁、4-6 岁和 19-30 岁年龄段最常食用的含牛奶、鸡蛋、花生或榛子的食物。如果标签无法提供明确信息，则根据食品标签来估计过敏原蛋白的含量。在这三个年龄段的 30 种不同食物中确定了每口或每吸的大小。在 47/70（67%）种复合食品中可以估计过敏原蛋白的含量，但这些食品较为复杂。对于大多数食物，牛奶、鸡蛋、花生和榛子的估计蛋白含量为 2-3 g，但范围从 3 到 8610 mg 不等，且可能低于患者的过敏阈值。相比之下，一口或一吸就可能含有足以引发过敏反应的过敏原蛋白量。每口或每吸的大小随年龄增长而增加。在日常实践中，很难获得有关复合食品中过敏原蛋白含量的详细可靠信息。我们鼓励企业在标签上披露常见过敏原食物的含量。
