Bjärehed Marlene, Thornberg Robert, Wänström Linda, Gini Gianluca
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden.
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden.
J Sch Psychol. 2021 Feb;84:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2020.08.006. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
This three-year longitudinal study examined both within- and between-person effects of moral disengagement on verbal bullying perpetration in early adolescence. Data came from the first four waves (T1-T4, Grades 4 to 7) of an ongoing longitudinal project examining social and moral correlates of bullying in Swedish schools. Participants included 2432 Swedish early adolescents (52% girls; M at T1 = 10.55 years). Students completed self-report measures of verbal bullying perpetration and moral disengagement. Results of a multilevel growth model showed that verbal bullying increased over time (regression coefficient for Grade was b = 0.04, SE = 0.01, p < .001). Additionally, the verbal bullying trajectories of participants with higher average levels of MD were higher (regression coefficient for MD¯ was b = 0.28, SE = 0.02, p < .001) and steeper (regression coefficient for the Grade ×MD¯ interaction was b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p = .018), indicating that these students scored higher on verbal bullying in general and increased more in verbal bullying over time, compared to students with lower levels of average MD. Variations around one's own mean of MD over time was also significantly associated with concurrent changes in verbal bullying (regression coefficient for time-varying MD was b = 0.21, SE = 0.01, p < .001).
这项为期三年的纵向研究考察了道德推脱对青少年早期言语欺凌行为的个体内效应和个体间效应。数据来自一个正在进行的纵向项目的前四波（T1 - T4，四年级至七年级），该项目研究瑞典学校中欺凌行为的社会和道德相关因素。参与者包括2432名瑞典青少年早期学生（52%为女生；T1时的平均年龄M = 10.55岁）。学生们完成了言语欺凌行为和道德推脱的自我报告测量。多层次增长模型的结果表明，言语欺凌行为随时间增加（年级的回归系数b = 0.04，标准误SE = 0.01，p <.001）。此外，平均道德推脱水平较高的参与者的言语欺凌行为轨迹更高（平均道德推脱水平MD¯的回归系数b = 0.28，标准误SE = 0.02，p <.001）且更陡峭（年级×MD¯交互项的回归系数b = 0.02，标准误SE = 0.01，p =.018），这表明与平均道德推脱水平较低的学生相比，这些学生总体上在言语欺凌行为上得分更高，且随着时间推移在言语欺凌行为上增加得更多。个体自身道德推脱水平随时间的变化也与言语欺凌行为的同时变化显著相关（随时间变化的道德推脱水平的回归系数b = 0.21，标准误SE = 0.01，p <.001）。
