克罗地亚农户储粮中的真菌及其代谢产物
Fungi and their metabolites in grain from individual households in Croatia.
机构信息
Department of Biophysics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (Ifa-tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2021 Jun;14(2):98-109. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2021.1883746. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
A total of 117 fungal metabolites were detected in grains collected in Gunja-G (flooded village) and Gornji Stupnik-GS (control village), located in the Zagreb County, Croatia. Major mycotoxins and derivatives (17), ergot alkaloids (14), (23), (18), (18), (7) and other fungal and unspecific metabolites (20) were found. A higher number of metabolites co-occurred per sample in grains from G (115) than in GS (91). Regulated mycotoxins were below maximum limits except fumonisins B in 15-20% of grains and aflatoxin B metabolites contaminated more than 50% of grains at both locations. Besides FB bikaverin, aurofusarin, culmorin and 15-hidroxyculmorin were detected at relatively high concentrations. Ergot alkaloids were detected at 2-18 times higher concentrations in grains from G as compared to GS. Majority of mycotoxins were present at a low frequency (5-15%). metabolites recovered with higher frequency in GS (55-70%) than in G (20-55%). metabolites prevailed in grains from G (60-80%).
在克罗地亚萨格勒布县的 Gunja-G（被洪水淹没的村庄）和 Gornji Stupnik-GS（对照村庄）采集的谷物中，共检测到 117 种真菌代谢物。发现了主要的霉菌毒素及其衍生物（17 种）、麦角生物碱（14 种）、类黄酮（23 种）、苯丙氨酸（18 种）、色氨酸（18 种）、（7 种）和其他真菌和非特异性代谢物（20 种）。G 村（115 种）谷物样本中共同存在的代谢物数量多于 GS 村（91 种）。除了 15-20%的谷物中存在伏马菌素 B 以及两个地点超过 50%的谷物受到黄曲霉毒素 B1 代谢物污染外，其他受监管的霉菌毒素均低于最高限量。除 FB 比咯菌素、金耳菌素、头状葡萄穗菌素和 15-羟基头状葡萄穗菌素外，这些代谢物的浓度相对较高。与 GS 相比，G 村谷物中的麦角生物碱浓度高出 2-18 倍。大多数霉菌毒素的存在频率较低（5-15%）。与 G 村（20-55%）相比，GS 村（55-70%）中回收的 代谢物频率更高。在 G 村谷物中， 代谢物占主导地位（60-80%）。
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