Adeyemo Wasiu L, James Olutayo, Oladega Afisu A, Adamson Olawale O, Adekunle Adeola A, Olorunsola Kehinde D, Busch Tamara, Butali Azeez
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2021 Mar;20(1):149-153. doi: 10.1007/s12663-020-01336-9. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
This study sought to evaluate the relationship between height of an individual and the presence of impaction of maxillary and mandibular third molars, and to determine the role of genetics in third molar impaction.
This was a case-control study, with cases consisted of 200 subjects with third molar impactions; and 200 controls without third molar impactions. Height of subjects was measured, and saliva samples were collected from all the subjects. DNA was extracted from saliva samples. To investigate the role of selected genes in the etiology of third molar impactions, Taqman Genotyping using SNPs identified for jaw growth, height and tooth agenesis was employed. Five candidate genes were investigated using 11 markers (SNPs).
The mean height of cases was significantly lower than that of the control subjects (= 0.04). No difference was found in allele frequency between cases and controls for 10 of the 11 SNPs. However, for rs6504591 the value was near significance (= 0.07) with odd ratio of 2.131. Subjects with lower third molar impactions were significantly shorter than those who have fully erupted third molars.
Subjects with lower third molar impactions were significantly shorter than those who have fully erupted third molars. We observed that individuals with third molar impaction tend to have T allele at the locus, suggesting that the T allele at the locus may increase the risk for having an impacted third molar. The rs6504591 G/T variation on human chromosome 17 (WNT9B gene) appears to increase risk by twofolds for impaction albeit with inability to detect significance due to small sample size.
本研究旨在评估个体身高与上颌及下颌第三磨牙阻生之间的关系，并确定基因在第三磨牙阻生中的作用。
这是一项病例对照研究，病例组由200例有第三磨牙阻生的受试者组成；对照组为200例无第三磨牙阻生的受试者。测量受试者的身高，并采集所有受试者的唾液样本。从唾液样本中提取DNA。为研究选定基因在第三磨牙阻生病因中的作用，采用了针对颌骨生长、身高和牙齿缺失所鉴定的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行Taqman基因分型。使用11个标记（SNP）对5个候选基因进行了研究。
病例组的平均身高显著低于对照组（P = 0.04）。11个SNP中的10个在病例组和对照组之间的等位基因频率没有差异。然而，对于rs6504591，P值接近显著水平（P = 0.07），比值比为2.131。第三磨牙低位阻生的受试者明显比第三磨牙完全萌出的受试者矮。
第三磨牙低位阻生的受试者明显比第三磨牙完全萌出的受试者矮。我们观察到，有第三磨牙阻生的个体在该位点倾向于有T等位基因，这表明该位点的T等位基因可能增加第三磨牙阻生的风险。人类17号染色体上的rs6504591 G/T变异（WNT9B基因）似乎使阻生风险增加了两倍，尽管由于样本量小未能检测到显著差异。
