Oral Medicine Unit, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan; Medical Research Fellow, AO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Undergraduate Dentistry Student, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2021 Jul;24(7):1028-1036. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_499_20.
Third molar impaction, if left untreated, has the potential to cause several complications. The evaluation of surgical difficulty of impacted third molar extraction aids in better formulation of treatment plan by minimizing surgical complications.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of third molar impaction and related pathologic conditions in a cohort of patients living in North-eastern Peninsular Malaysia.
In this retrospective study, 490 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients who were referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department between January 2010 and December 2019 were assessed. Data including age, gender, ethnicity, frequency of third molar impactions, their angulations and levels of eruption, retromolar space, and associated pathologic conditions were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. The significance level was set to P < 0.05.
A total of 490 patients with a mean age of 28.87 years (range: 20-64) demonstrated 1957 impacted third molars (1022 mandibular + 935 maxillary). Impacted third molars were more likely present in females than males (1:2.20) (p < 0.05); and in Malay-ethnic (44.49%) patients followed by Chinese (34.45%) and Indians (21.02%). Mesioangular was the most common angulation of impaction both in the maxilla (24.68%) and mandible (18.34%). The most common pattern of third molar impaction was IIA (61.67%), and the retromolar space was significantly larger in males (13.6 mm; P < 0.05) than females (11.6 mm). The most frequently occurring pathological condition associated with third molars impaction is dental caries in the second or third molar (15.38%).
This study highlights mesioangular impaction with their occlusal plane at the same level as the occlusal plane of the adjacent tooth being the most prevalent pattern of third molar impaction in North-eastern Peninsular Malaysia.
如果第三磨牙阻生未得到治疗，可能会引发多种并发症。评估第三磨牙阻生的手术难度有助于通过最小化手术并发症来更好地制定治疗计划。
本研究旨在确定生活在马来西亚半岛东北部的患者中第三磨牙阻生及其相关病理情况的发生率。
在这项回顾性研究中，评估了 2010 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间被转介到口腔颌面外科的 490 名患者的口腔全景片（OPG）。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、种族、第三磨牙阻生的频率、它们的倾斜角度和萌出程度、磨牙后间隙以及相关的病理情况。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 24.0 进行统计分析。显著性水平设置为 P < 0.05。
共有 490 名平均年龄为 28.87 岁（范围：20-64 岁）的患者，有 1957 颗阻生的第三磨牙（1022 颗下颌+935 颗上颌）。女性比男性更有可能存在阻生的第三磨牙（1:2.20）（p < 0.05）；而马来裔（44.49%）患者次之，华人（34.45%）和印度裔（21.02%）患者较少。上颌最常见的阻生角度为近中阻生（24.68%），下颌最常见的阻生角度为近中阻生（18.34%）。第三磨牙阻生最常见的模式是 IIA（61.67%），男性的磨牙后间隙明显大于女性（13.6 毫米；P < 0.05）。与第三磨牙阻生最相关的病理情况是第二或第三磨牙的龋齿（15.38%）。
本研究强调了在马来西亚半岛东北部，最常见的第三磨牙阻生模式是近中阻生，其咬合平面与相邻牙齿的咬合平面平齐。
