Lewis D O, Pincus J H, Bard B, Richardson E, Prichep L S, Feldman M, Yeager C
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
Am J Psychiatry. 1988 May;145(5):584-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.145.5.584.
Of the 37 juveniles currently condemned to death in the United States, all of the 14 incarcerated in four states received comprehensive psychiatric, neurological, neuropsychological, and educational evaluations. Nine had major neurological impairment, seven suffered psychotic disorders antedating incarceration, seven evidenced significant organic dysfunction on neuropsychological testing, and only two had full-scale IQ scores above 90. Twelve had been brutally physically abused, and five had been sodomized by relatives. For a variety of reasons the subjects' vulnerabilities were not recognized at the time of trial or sentencing, when they could have been used for purposes of mitigation.
在美国目前被判处死刑的37名青少年中，被关押在四个州的14人都接受了全面的精神病学、神经学、神经心理学和教育评估。其中9人有严重的神经损伤，7人在被监禁前患有精神疾病，7人在神经心理学测试中显示出明显的器质性功能障碍，只有两人的全量表智商得分高于90。12人曾遭受过残酷的身体虐待，5人曾被亲属鸡奸。由于种种原因，这些受试者的易受伤害性在审判或量刑时未被认识到，而那时这些情况本可用于减轻刑罚。
