Kohil Amira, Al-Asmakh Maha, Al-Shafai Mashael, Terranegra Annalisa
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Front Nutr. 2021 Jan 28;7:612115. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.612115. eCollection 2020.
The autoimmune disease, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), results in the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, and the International Diabetes Federation reports that its incidence is increasing worldwide. T1DM is a complex disease due to the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Certain dietary patterns and nutrients are known to cause epigenetic modifications in physiological conditions and diseases. However, the interplay between diet and epigenetics is not yet well-understood in the context of T1DM. Several studies have described epigenetic mechanisms involved in the autoimmune reactions that destroy the β-cells, but few explored diet components as potential triggers for epigenetic modifications. Clarifying the link between diet and epigenome can provide new insights into the pathogenesis of T1DM, potentially leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this mini review, we shed light on the influence of the diet-epigenome axis on the pathophysiology of T1DM.
自身免疫性疾病1型糖尿病（T1DM）会导致胰腺β细胞的破坏，国际糖尿病联合会报告称其在全球的发病率正在上升。由于遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用，T1DM是一种复杂的疾病。已知某些饮食模式和营养素会在生理状况和疾病中引起表观遗传修饰。然而，在T1DM的背景下，饮食与表观遗传学之间的相互作用尚未得到充分理解。几项研究描述了参与破坏β细胞的自身免疫反应的表观遗传机制，但很少有研究探索饮食成分作为表观遗传修饰的潜在触发因素。阐明饮食与表观基因组之间的联系可以为T1DM的发病机制提供新的见解，有可能带来新的诊断和治疗方法。在这篇小型综述中，我们阐述了饮食-表观基因组轴对T1DM病理生理学的影响。
