Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra Australia.
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Fam Pract. 2021 Nov 24;38(6):811-825. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmaa142.
COVID-19 is the fifth and most significant infectious disease epidemic this century. Primary health care providers, which include those working in primary care and public health roles, have critical responsibilities in the management of health emergencies.
To synthesize accounts of primary care lessons learnt from past epidemics and their relevance to COVID-19.
We conducted a review of lessons learnt from previous infectious disease epidemics for primary care, and their relevance to COVID-19. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, PROQUEST and Google Scholar, hand-searched reference lists of included studies, and included research identified through professional contacts.
Of 173 publications identified, 31 publications describing experiences of four epidemics in 11 countries were included. Synthesis of findings identified six key lessons: (i) improve collaboration, communication and integration between public health and primary care; (ii) strengthen the primary health care system; (iii) provide consistent, coordinated and reliable information emanating from a trusted source; (iv) define the role of primary care during pandemics; (v) protect the primary care workforce and the community and (vi) evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.
Evidence highlights distinct challenges to integrating and supporting primary care in response to infectious disease epidemics that have persisted over time, emerging again during COVID-19. These insights provide an opportunity for strengthening, and improved preparedness, that cannot be ignored in a world where the frequency, virility and global reach of infectious disease outbreaks are increasing. It is not too soon to plan for the next pandemic, which may already be on the horizon.
COVID-19 是本世纪第五次也是最严重的传染病疫情。初级保健提供者，包括从事初级保健和公共卫生工作的人员，在突发卫生事件管理中负有重要责任。
综合分析从以往传染病中学到的初级保健经验及其与 COVID-19 的相关性。
我们对以往传染病的初级保健经验及其与 COVID-19 的相关性进行了回顾。我们检索了 PubMed/MEDLINE、PROQUEST 和 Google Scholar，手动检索了纳入研究的参考文献列表，并纳入了通过专业联系确定的研究。
在确定的 173 篇文献中，有 31 篇描述了 11 个国家的 4 次传染病流行经验的文献被纳入。研究结果综合分析确定了六个关键经验：（i）改善公共卫生和初级保健之间的协作、沟通和整合；（ii）加强初级卫生保健系统；（iii）提供来自可靠来源的一致、协调和可靠的信息；（iv）在大流行期间明确初级保健的作用；（v）保护初级保健工作者和社区；（vi）评估干预措施的效果。
证据突出了在应对传染病流行时整合和支持初级保健所面临的明显挑战，这些挑战在 COVID-19 期间再次出现。这些见解为加强和改进准备工作提供了机会，在传染病爆发的频率、活力和全球影响力不断增加的世界中，这是不容忽视的。现在就为下一次大流行做计划还为时不晚，而下一次大流行可能已经迫在眉睫。
