Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Brain Behav. 2021 Apr;11(4):e02063. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2063. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
This study was mainly conducted to explore the expression changes of GSDMD and conventional markers (including T-Tau, Tau181p, and Aβ ) in the cerebrospinal fluid among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), followed by determination of role of GSDMD in diagnosing and identifying AD and VD.
In this study, 60 patients with VD, 60 patients with AD, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Lumbar puncture was performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid samples. Patients with VD and patients with AD were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, Activity of Daily Living (ADL) scale, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) questionnaire, aiming to determine the behavioral ability of patients. ELISA kit was purchased to determine the levels of GSDMD, T-Tau, Tau181p, and Aβ in cerebrospinal fluid, and the expression of inflammatory factors, IL-1β and IL-6, was also detected.
(1) The levels of GSDMD, T-Tau, and Tau181p in the cerebrospinal fluid were higher in patients with AD than those of patients with VD and healthy controls, while the levels of Aβ in the cerebrospinal fluid were lower in patients with AD than that in healthy controls and patients with VD. (2) GSDMD had good diagnostic accuracy in AD. Additionally, GSDMD, T-Tau, Tau181p, and Aβ had good discrimination accuracy in distinguishing AD and VD. (3) The expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-6) in cerebrospinal fluid were higher in patients with AD than those of healthy controls and patients with VD, which were positively correlated with GSDMD expression.
The expression of GSDMD was increased in patients with AD, which could be used as a biomarker for AD diagnosis and identification from VD.
本研究主要探讨阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VD）患者脑脊液中 GSDMD 与传统标志物（包括 T-Tau、Tau181p 和 Aβ）的表达变化，并确定 GSDMD 在 AD 和 VD 诊断和鉴别中的作用。
本研究纳入 60 例 VD 患者、60 例 AD 患者和 50 例健康对照者。行腰椎穿刺采集脑脊液标本。采用简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）和神经精神问卷（NPI）对 VD 患者和 AD 患者进行行为能力评估。采用 ELISA 试剂盒检测脑脊液中 GSDMD、T-Tau、Tau181p 和 Aβ 水平，检测炎症因子 IL-1β 和 IL-6 的表达。
（1）AD 患者脑脊液中 GSDMD、T-Tau 和 Tau181p 水平高于 VD 患者和健康对照者，AD 患者脑脊液中 Aβ 水平低于健康对照者和 VD 患者。（2）GSDMD 对 AD 具有良好的诊断准确性，同时 GSDMD、T-Tau、Tau181p 和 Aβ 对 AD 与 VD 的鉴别具有良好的判别准确性。（3）AD 患者脑脊液中炎症因子（IL-1β 和 IL-6）表达水平高于健康对照者和 VD 患者，且与 GSDMD 表达呈正相关。
AD 患者 GSDMD 表达增加，可作为 AD 诊断和鉴别 VD 的生物标志物。
